Development and Application of Visual Cable Sticking Warning System
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摘要:
裸眼电缆测井经常发生电缆粘卡故障，且常规电缆防粘卡技术因井下粘卡识别准确率低，易发生电缆卡死的问题，严重影响测井时效及作业成本。对近几年海上油田发生电缆粘卡油气井的马龙头张力（CHT）和电缆总张力（TTEN）进行研究分析，发现通过CHT曲线和TTEN曲线的相关性可以直观判断井下电缆的状态。为此，将CHT和TTEN的相关系数作为电缆粘卡预警参数，根据发生电缆粘卡油气井的数据统计分析，确定了预警阀值，将电缆粘卡状态按低风险、中风险、高风险3个等级进行预警，并研制了WinchMonitor电缆粘卡可视化预警系统。在南海东部油田27井次的现场应用结果表明，该系统能够基于实时采集的电缆张力数据，实现电缆粘卡的颜色、声音实时预警，确保在“黄金3分钟”内采取有效防卡、解卡措施，大幅提高了复杂情况下裸眼电缆测井作业的一次成功率。研究与应用结果表明，WinchMonitor电缆粘卡可视化预警系统避免了因电缆粘卡识别不及时、不准确导致电缆卡死的作业风险，实现电缆粘卡“零打捞”，大大降低了电缆测井成本。
Abstract:With the increase of drilling speed and deep exploration in offshore oil fields, there are more and more directional Wells and complex Wells, and cable sticking accidents occur frequently in open hole wireline logging, which seriously affect the logging time and operating cost. In this paper, by studying the performance characteristics of CHT and TTEN curves of total cable tension of cable sticking in offshore oil fields in recent years, the correlation coefficient C between the two is calculated as the cable sticking warning parameter, the warning threshold C1 and C2 are studied, and the cable sticking status is divided into three levels: low risk, medium risk and high risk. And developed a visual cable sticking early warning system, in the open hole logging, in the cable sticking in the "golden 3 minutes" to realize intelligent identification and early warning, timely remind the field engineers quickly unstuck, to avoid cable stuck accident. Up to now, the early warning system has been applied 27 times in domestic offshore oil fields, realizing the "zero fishing" accident of cable sticking and greatly saving the operating cost.
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Keywords:
- Open hole logging /
- Cable sticking /
- Cable tension /
- Intelligent early warning /
- Total tension /
- Halter tension /
- XXX /
- XXX
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图 1 南海东部某油田A井地层测试时电缆CHT和TTEN曲线变化特征
Figure 1. Variation characteristics of CHT and TTEN curves under three states of cable sticking
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图 2 低通滤波前后CHT曲线对比
Figure 2. Comparison of tension curves before and after low-pass filtering
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图 3 某井井深1 215.75 m处测点CHT和TTEN数据在不同窗长N下的相关系数C曲线
Figure 3. Comparison of curve C of correlation coefficient calculated with different window length N of 1215.75m measurement point data
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图 4 利用Ⅰ区域数据计算的不同窗长N下的相关系数C曲线
Figure 4. Comparison diagram of C curve of correlation coefficient calculated from the data in the first section of 1215.75m measuring point
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图 5 利用Ⅱ区域数据计算的不同窗长N下的相关系数C曲线
Figure 5. Comparison diagram of correlation coefficient C calculated from the second section of the 1215.75m measuring point
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图 7 XJ−1Sa井井深2 427.0 m处取心过程中电缆粘卡预警图
Figure 7. Cable sticking warning diagram in 2427m coring process of XJ-1Sa well
表 1 19口井发生电缆粘卡时的相关系数C统计情况
Table 1 Analysis and statistics of correlation coefficient C when cables are stuck
相关系数C 累计次数/次 电缆状态 风险级别 措施 电缆最终状态 0～0.1 56 卡死状态 高风险 解卡 卡死状态 0.1～0.2 34 卡死状态 高风险 解卡 卡死状态 0.2～0.3 12 卡死状态 高风险 解卡 卡死状态 0.3～0.4 3 卡死状态 高风险 解卡 卡死状态 0.4～0.5 3 卡死状态 高风险 解卡 卡死状态 0.5～0.6 2 卡死状态 高风险 防卡 卡死状态 0.6～0.7 3 异常状态 中风险 防卡 正常状态 0.7～0.8 9 异常状态 中风险 防卡 正常状态 0.8～0.9 4 异常状态 中风险 防卡 正常状态 0.9～1.0 44 正常状态 低风险 无 正常状态 
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