Numerical Calculation Method of the Wellbore Temperature Field for Electric Heating Heavy Oil Thermal Recovery
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摘要:
电加热稠油热采井筒温度场是热采作业参数设计的核心依据，基于传热学理论和气液两相流井筒温压场计算方法，考虑温度对稠油热物性影响,建立了连续电加热和电磁短节加热工艺井筒温度场的数值计算方法，并以大港油田X井为例，计算了不同加热功率下连续电加热和电磁短节加热工艺的井筒温度场。计算结果表明：井口温度的模型计算结果与实测值相对误差仅为3.10%，满足工程设计精度要求，也验证了计算方法的有效性和准确性；连续电加热工艺的井筒温度剖面平滑连续，而电磁短节加热工艺的井筒温度剖面呈锯齿形，且温度波动更大；连续电加热工艺的井口温度高于电磁短节加热，而连续电加热工艺的平均温度则低于电磁短节加热工艺。该研究结果可为电加热稠油热采工艺选择、作业参数设计提供指导和借鉴。
Abstract:The wellbore temperature field of electric heating-based heavy oil thermal recovery forms the basis of the thermal recovery operation parameters design. Based on the heat transfer theory and the calculation method of wellbore temperature/pressure fields for gas-liquid two-phase flow, the wellbore temperature field numerical calculation method for continuous electric heating and electromagnetic nipple heating processes that considers the influence of temperature on the thermal properties of heavy oil was established. By taking the Well X in Dagang Oilfield as an example, the wellbore temperature fields of continuous electric heating and electromagnetic nipple heating processes under different heating powers were calculated. The calculation results showed that the relative error between the wellhead temperature calculated with this model and the measured one was only 3.10%. This met the requirements of engineering design accuracy, and verified the validity and accuracy of this calculation method. The wellbore temperature profile formed by continuous electric heating was smooth and continuous, whereas the profile formed by electromagnetic nipple heating process was zigzag and had dramatic fluctuations. The wellhead temperature formed by the continuous electric heating process was higher than that of the electromagnetic nipple heating, and the average temperature of the continuous electric heating process was lower than that of the electromagnetic nipple heating process. The research results could provide guidance and reference for the selection of electric heating heavy oil thermal recovery processes and operation parameters design.
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图 1 油管内产液与井筒/地层界面间的换热剖面
Figure 1. Heat transfer profile between the produced fluids in the tubing and the wellbore/formation interface
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图 2 连续电加热与电磁短节加热井筒网格划分
Figure 2. Wellbore meshing of continuous tube electric heating and electromagnetic nipple heating
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图 3 连续电加热工艺的井筒温度场剖面
Figure 3. Wellbore temperature field profile of continuous electric heating
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图 4 电磁短节加热工艺的井筒温度场剖面
Figure 4. Wellbore temperature field profile of electromagnetic nipple heating
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图 5 连续电加热和电磁短节加热工艺的井口温度与平均温度对比
Figure 5. Comparison on the wellhead temperatures and average temperatures of continuous electric heating and electromagnetic nipple heating processes
表 1 大港油田X井实钻井身结构
Table 1 Actual casing program of Well X in Dagang Oilfield
套管 外径/mm 井眼直径/mm 套管下深/m 水泥返高/m 表层套管 244.50 311.1 290.00 地面 生产套管 139.70 215.9 1 388.00 865.00 
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表 2 连续电加热和电磁短节加热工艺的井筒温度场剖面均方差比较
Table 2 Comparison of the mean square errors of wellbore temperature field profiles formed by continuous electric heating and electromagnetic nipple heating processes
加热方法 不同加热功率的井筒温度场剖面均方差 20 kW 40 kW 60 kW 80 kW 100 kW 连续电加热 11.63 8.40 5.31 2.97 3.82 电磁短节加热 14.40 10.96 7.40 4.40 4.01
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