超声波高频旋冲钻井技术破岩效果试验研究

路宗羽; 郑珺升; 蒋振新; 赵飞

doi:10.11911/syztjs.2020126

超声波高频旋冲钻井技术破岩效果试验研究

1.
中国石油新疆油田分公司工程技术研究院，新疆克拉玛依 834002
2.
中国石油集团渤海钻探工程有限公司第二钻井工程分公司，天津 300450
3.
中国石油集团工程技术研究院有限公司，北京 102206

基金项目: 中国石油天然气集团公司科学研究与技术开发项目“深层与复杂地层钻完井新技术新方法研究”（编号：2019A-3908）部分研究内容

详细信息

作者简介:
路宗羽（1983—），男，吉林磐石人，2005年毕业于大庆石油学院信息与计算科学专业，2008年获大庆石油学院油气井工程专业硕士学位，高级工程师，主要从事钻井工程技术方面的研究工作。E-mail：luzy@petrochina.com.cn。

中图分类号: TE242
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出版历程
- 收稿日期: 2020-03-14
- 修回日期: 2020-12-03
- 网络出版日期: 2020-12-13
- 刊出日期: 2021-04-08

An Experimental Study on Rock Breaking Efficiency with Ultrasonic High-Frequency Rotary-Percussive Drilling Technology

1.
Engineering Technology Research Institute, PetroChina Xinjiang Oilfield Company, Karamay, Xinjiang, 834002, China
2.
The No.2 Drilling Engineering Company, CNPC Bohai Drilling Engineering Company Limited, Tianjin, 300450, China
3.
CNPC Engineering Technology R&D Company Limited, Beijing, 102206, China

摘要

摘要: 为了研究超声波高频旋冲钻井技术相较于常规旋转钻井技术的提速效果，以及钻进条件和参数对超声波高频旋冲破岩效率的影响规律，设计了超声波振动发生短节，搭建了超声波破岩模拟试验台，采用控制变量法和正交试验法，开展了超声波破岩提速试验及影响超声波破岩效率的试验，得到了钻压、超声波振幅、转速和钻头直径对超声波高频旋冲破岩效率的影响规律。结果表明：在实验室常规温度和压力条件下，与常规旋转破岩技术相比，超声波高频旋冲钻井技术的破岩效率更高，平均提高幅度达77.65%；影响超声波高频旋冲破岩效率的因素从大到小依次是钻压、振幅、钻头直径和转速；钻压和振幅对超声波高频旋冲破岩效率的影响显著，且振幅越大，超声波高频旋冲破岩的效率越高。研究结果表明，超声波高频旋冲钻井技术可为提高深部硬地层机械钻速提供一种新的破岩方法。
- 超声波 /
- 振动短节 /
- 高频旋冲 /
- 正交试验 /
- 破岩方法
Abstract: In order to investigate the penetration rate improvement by implementing ultrasonic high-frequency rotary-percussive (UHFRP) drilling compared to conventional rotary drilling, as well as determining the influence of different drilling conditions and parameters on UHFRP rock breaking, we designed an ultrasonic vibration pup joint and built a test bench for ultrasonic rock breaking simulation. By using control variable method and orthogonal experiment method, we carried out a penetration rate enhancement test of ultrasonic rock breaking and the corresponding influencing-factor analysis tests. Thereby we obtained the influence law of weight on bit, ultrasonic amplitude, penetration rate, and bit diameter on the UHFRP rock breaking. The test results show that compared with conventional rotary rock breaking, the UHFRP drilling has higher efficiency of rock breaking at normal temperatures and pressures in the laboratory, with an average penetration rate increase of 77.65%. In addition, weight on bit, ultrasonic amplitude, bit diameter and penetration rate have a declining impact on the rock breaking efficiency of UHFRP drilling. Furthermore, weight on bit and ultrasonic amplitude have a highly significant effect on the efficiency of UHFRP rock breaking, and a larger amplitude results in a higher efficiency of rock breaking. The results show that the UHFRP drilling technology could provide a new rock breaking method in penetration rate enhancement of deep hard formations.
- ultrasonic /
- vibration pup joint /
- high frequency rotary-percussive /
- orthogonal experiment /
- rock breaking method

HTML全文

图 1 超声波振动发生短节的结构

Figure 1. Structure of ultrasonic vibration pup joint

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图 2 压电陶瓷的压电效应

Figure 2. Piezoelectric effect of piezoelectric ceramics

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图 3 超声波破岩模拟试验台

Figure 3. Test bench for ultrasonic rock breaking simulation

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图 4 超声波破岩与常规破岩的钻压和位移对比

Figure 4. Comparison of drilling pressure and displacement between ultrasonic rock breaking and conventional rock breaking

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表 1 超声波破岩与常规破岩试验结果对比

Table 1 Comparison of test results between ultrasonic rock breaking and conventional rock breaking

序号	试验编号	钻头直径/mm	钻压/N	转速/（r·min^–1）	岩性	有无超声波	钻速/（μm·s^–1）	钻速提高幅度，%
H01	K01	12	400	90	泥岩	有	3.05	38.00
H01	K02	12	400	90	泥岩	无	2.21	38.00
H02	K03	12	400	90	砂岩	有	28.18	–20.31
H02	K04	12	400	90	砂岩	无	35.36	–20.31
H03	K05	12	400	90	页岩	有	5.96	103.41
H03	K06	12	400	90	页岩	无	2.93	103.41
H04	K07	10	400	90	砂岩	有	95.58	125.85
H04	K08	10	400	90	砂岩	无	42.32	125.85
H05	K09	10	400	90	泥岩	有	7.36	29.35
H05	K10	10	400	90	泥岩	无	5.69	29.35
H06	K11	10	400	90	页岩	有	1.60	29.03
H06	K12	10	400	90	页岩	无	1.24	29.03
H07	K13	6	400	90	砂岩	有	118.90	218.51
H07	K14	6	400	90	砂岩	无	37.33	218.51
H08	K15	6	400	90	泥岩	有	31.75	–12.29
H08	K16	6	400	90	泥岩	无	36.20	–12.29
H09	K17	6	400	90	页岩	有	70.54	187.33
H09	K18	6	400	90	页岩	无	24.55	187.33

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表 2 影响因素的不同水平取值

Table 2 The values of the level of different influencing factors

水平	钻头直径（A）/ mm	振幅（B）/ μm	钻压（C）/ N	转速（D）/ （r·min^–1）
1	12	10	800	120
2	10	6	600	90
3	6	0	400	60

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表 3 正交试验方案及试验结果

Table 3 Schemes and results of orthogonal experiments

序号	A	B	C	D	破岩深度/mm	破岩体积/cm³	钻速/（mm·s^–1）
1	1	1	1	1	10.18	1.151 3	0.212 1
2	1	2	2	2	9.28	1.049 5	0.103 1
3	1	3	3	3	2.25	0.254 5	0.013 6
4	2	1	2	3	6.12	0.480 7	0.061 2
5	2	2	3	1	2.26	0.177 5	0.009 4
6	2	3	1	2	5.88	0.461 8	0.098 0
7	3	1	3	2	5.71	0.161 4	0.087 8
8	3	2	1	3	5.10	0.144 2	0.113 3
9	3	3	2	1	8.37	0.236 7	0.083 7
K₁	0.328 8	0.361 1	0.423 4	0.305 2
K₂	0.168 6	0.225 8	0.248 0	0.288 9
K₃	0.284 8	0.195 3	0.110 8	0.188 1
k₁	0.110	0.120	0.141	0.102
k₂	0.056	0.075	0.083	0.096
k₃	0.095	0.065	0.037	0.063
极差R	0.160 2	0.165 8	0.312 6	0.117 1
因素主次顺序	C > B > A > D
最优方案	C1 B1 A1 D1

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表 4 4组正交试验结果的极差分析

Table 4 Range analysis results of four groups of orthogonal experiments

试验编号	极差R
试验编号	因素A	因素B	因素C	因素D
Z01	0.222 1	0.107 0	0.234 4	0.247 7
Z02	0.160 2	0.165 8	0.312 6	0.117 1
Z03	0.173 6	0.025 0	0.019 6	0.025 6
Z04	0.119 7	0.422 7	0.288 9	0.098 4
平均值	0.168 9	0.180 1	0.213 9	0.122 2
因素主次顺序	C > B > A > D
最优方案	C1 B1 A1 D1

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