Key Technologies of Directional Drilling in the Moxi-Gaoshiti Area of the Sichuan Basin
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摘要: 四川盆地磨溪–高石梯区块采用“螺杆+MWD”钻进ϕ215.9 mm定向井段时，由于造斜点深、地层温度和钻井液密度高、地层复杂，存在井眼轨迹控制困难、托压严重、机械钻速低等问题。为解决这些问题，通过优化井眼轨道、优选个性化钻头、配套水力振荡器提速工具、制定降摩减阻和预防压差卡钻等技术措施，形成了ϕ215.9 mm定向钻井关键技术。磨溪–高石梯区块ϕ215.9 mm定向井段应用定向钻井关键技术后，降低了井眼轨迹控制难度，有效减轻了定向托压现象，提高了机械钻速，降低了井下卡钻风险，ϕ215.9 mm定向井段的钻井时间由应用前的44.75 d缩短至27.51 d，定向井段提速效果明显。研究和现场应用表明，ϕ215.9 mm定向钻井关键技术能有效解决磨溪–高石梯区块ϕ215.9 mm定向井段钻进过程中存在的技术难点，可在该区块推广应用。Abstract: Due to the deep kick-off point, high formation temperature and drilling fluid density, and complex reservoir characteristics in the Moxi-Gaoshiti area of the Sichuan Basin, directional well drillings with ϕ215.9 mm wellbore combining screw and measurement while drilling (MWD) are faced with many challenges such as difficulty in well trajectory control, severe supporting pressure, and low rate of penetration (ROP). Regarding these problems, new key drilling technologies for directional well with ϕ215.9 mm wellbore were developed by means of optimizing the wellbore trajectory, selecting personalized drill bits, customizing the speed-up tools for hydraulic oscillators, and formulating technical measures such as friction reduction and the prevention of differential pressure sticking. With the applications of directional drilling technologies in the ϕ215.9 mm directional well section of the Moxi-Gaoshiti area in the Sichuan Basin, the trajectory control was strategically optimized, and the directional drag was effectively reduced. Besides, the average ROP was effectively improved, and the risk of downhole sticking was reduced. The drilling time of the ϕ215.9 mm directional well section was shortened from 44.75 d to 27.51 d depending on this technology. The results showed that the key directional drilling technologies with ϕ215.9 mm wellbore could effectively solve the technical difficulties in the drilling of the Moxi-Gaoshiti area, and thus the technology merits promotion in this block.
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Keywords:
- directional well /
- well trajectory /
- rate of penetration /
- compound bit /
- Moxi-Gaoshiti Block /
- Sichuan Basin
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表 1 磨溪–高石梯区域部分井ϕ215.9 mm定向井段钻井技术指标
Table 1 Technical indexes of directional drilling of partial wells with ϕ215.9 mm well section in Moxi-Gaoshiti Area
井号 井段/m 钻井时间/d 平均机械钻速/
（m·h–1）复合钻进钻速/
（m·h–1）定向井段钻速/
（m·h–1）处理托压时间/
d最大井斜角/
（°）GS001-X4 4430～5356 58.87 1.20 1.77 0.94 9.20 71.49 GS001-X5 4151～5122 50.88 1.56 2.00 0.85 5.34 60.72 GS001-X6 4598～5035 32.46 1.11 1.69 0.91 1.83 54.00 GS001-X7 4360～5390 44.21 1.86 2.35 0.99 4.29 79.60 GS110 4700～5558 50.81 1.46 1.81 0.88 4.64 69.32 MX022-X3 4766～5584 43.56 1.57 1.92 1.19 2.32 63.80 MX009-2-H2 4185～4658 35.50 1.82 3.60 1.21 1.29 75.20 MX009-4-X2 3920～4853 71.20 2.08 2.70 1.30 2.92 74.09 MX009-8-X1 4200～4701 29.30 1.92 2.80 1.20 1.08 70.21 MX008-20-H2 3975～4835 62.36 2.10 2.80 1.40 2.58 64.51 MXX211 4050～4945 53.20 1.37 1.90 1.32 1.06 62.55 
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表 2 部分井定向井段造斜率优化设计结果
Table 2 Results of build rate optimization design for partial directional wells
井号 造斜点/m 造斜率/（（°）·（30m）–1） 高台组 沧浪铺组中部 筇竹寺组下部页岩层 原设计 实际 原设计 优化后 原设计 优化后 原设计 优化后 GS001-X25 4 510.00 4 402.00 3.80 0 4.50 0 4.50 3.70 GS001-X10 4 600.00 4 450.00 5.00 0 5.00 0 0 0.90 GS001-X29 4 535.00 4 320.00 4.00 0 4.00 0 4.00 3.44 GS001-X36 4 420.00 4 350.00 5.00 0 5.00 0 1.56 1.54 MX126 4 600.00 4 671.00 3.28 0 3.28 0 0 1.81
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表 3 磨溪–高石梯区块近3年ϕ215.9 mm定向井段钻井指标对比
Table 3 Comparison of directional indexes of ϕ215.9 mm well section in Moxi-Gaoshiti Area in the past three years
年份 作业井次 平均段长/m 钻井时间/d 平均机械钻速/（m·h–1） 平均行程钻速/（m·d–1） 备注 2019 21 771.72 27.51 2.17 28.56 应用后 2018 17 923.98 33.82 2.12 28.07 应用前 2017 7 862.44 44.75 1.71 19.27 应用前
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表 4 GS001-X36井井眼轨道优化设计
Table 4 Optimized well trajectory of Well GS001-X36
井深/m 井斜角/（°） 网格方位角/（°） 垂深/m 造斜率/（（°）·（30m）–1） 闭合距/m 闭合方位角/（°） 备注 4 350.00 0.49 188.97 4 349.76 0 29.31 142.60 造斜点 4 483.52 22.00 119.20 4 480.00 4.91 53.81 132.28 4 548.23 22.00 119.20 4 540.00 0 77.62 128.23 高台组 4 693.11 45.00 119.20 4 660.00 4.76 156.56 123.66 4 773.11 45.00 119.20 4 716.57 0 213.00 122.48 沧浪铺组中部 5 283.84 71.00 123.74 4 985.00 1.54 642.24 122.02 筇竹寺组 6 181.88 71.32 123.74 5 275.00 0.01 1492.00 123.00 灯四段
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