Analysis of Casing Deformation in the Changning-Weiyuan Block Based on Focal Mechanism
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摘要: 四川长宁-威远页岩气示范区套管变形问题突出，天然裂缝或断层是导致套管变形的主要因素。为了明确引起套管变形的裂缝或断层尺度与微地震震级之间的关系，分析了圆形断层模型的震源参数关系，建立了由断层半径、滑移距离、地震矩和矩震级等参数组成的数学模型。首先根据24臂井径测井数据或通过套管变形点的磨鞋最大直径来确定断层的滑动量（即套管变形量），然后利用该模型计算得到引起套管变形的裂缝或断层的半径和微地震震级。计算结果表明，引起长宁-威远区块套管变形的裂缝或断层的半径为100~400 m，微地震距震级为2.0~3.5，这与现场实测数据吻合，表明该模型在长宁-威远区块具有一定的可靠性和实用性，也验证了套管变形机理的正确性。研究结果对于井眼轨道优化设计、压裂过程中的实时微地震监测与套管变形预防及治理具有一定的指导作用。Abstract: Casing deformation is a very serious problem in the Changning-Weiyuan Shale Gas Demonstration Area in Sichuan Province,where natural fractures(or faults)create problems,and in fact are the main controlling factor of casing deformation.In order to understand the effect of microseismic magnitude and fractures(or faults)and the scale which induces casing deformation,a study employed the source parameters of the circular fault model,and a mathematical model reflecting the relationships among parameters(e.g.fault radius,slip throw,seismic moment and moment magnitude)was developed.In practical application,the slip throw of fault(i.e.,casing deformation)is estimated by using 24-finger caliper logging data or the maximum diameter of grind shoe through the casing deformation position.Then the model is used to calculate the fracture or fault radius and the microseismic magnitude which can be related to the casing deformation.The calculated microseismic magnitude and fracture or fault radius related to casing deformation in Changning-Weiyuan Block are 2.0-3.5 and 100-400 m,respectively;the results are consistent with the measured data.The results also demonstrated a certain reliability and practicability of this model in the Changning-Weiyuan Block and verified the casing deformation mechanism.The research results can be used as references in wellbore trajectory optimization design,real-time microseismic monitoring during hydraulic fracturing and in the prevention and control of casing deformation.
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