疏松砂岩储气库交变注采工况筛管涂敷砂充填复合防砂优化研究

Optimization of Composite Sand Control with Screen and Coated Sand Packing under Alternating Injection and Production Conditions in Loose Sandstone Gas Storages

  • 摘要: 针对疏松砂岩易出砂储层储气库的交变注采工况条件,着眼于交变注采对防砂介质稳定性的要求,评价优选并提出了机械筛管与环空涂敷砂充填复合防砂方法。为了探究其在交变注采工况下的可行性并推荐优化方案,使用完全密实充填和不同模式的不完整充填条件,开展了交变注采筛管涂敷砂充填复合防砂模拟试验,系统分析了涂敷层结构失稳破坏和地层砂侵入堵塞机理,以及流通性变化规律。结果表明:筛管涂敷砂充填复合防砂的介质稳定性、挡砂性能和过流性能能够满足交变注采工况下的稳定性要求;不同条件的多轮次交变注采后,充填密实的涂敷固结充填层表面无剥落损坏或损坏非常轻微,具有较好的抵抗高强度和高频次气体交变注采的能力及结构稳定性;密实充填条件下基本无过砂现象,在三种不完全充填条件下有出砂现象,但出砂量和粒径随注采周期延续逐渐降低,最后能够达到堵塞平衡不再出砂,挡砂能力满足控砂要求。地层出砂条件下,筛管涂敷砂复合充填层存在地层砂侵入堵塞现象,但随产出和注入出现堵塞和解堵交替现象,整体渗透率随注采周期延续呈下降趋势。典型实验条件下,交变注采5周期后,充填效率为95%的涂敷充填层,渗透率降幅约为25.9%。提升筛管外环空涂敷层的充填密实程度和固结强度,是保证稳定性、挡砂效果和流通产能的关键。

     

    Abstract: Aiming at cyclic injection production (CIP) operations of underground gas storages within sand prone unconsolidated sandstone reservoirs, this study proposes and evaluates a combined sand control technique integrating a mechanical screen with annular coated sand packing. Laboratory experiments were carried out on this screen coated sand composite system under both fully compacted and incompletely compacted packing configurations to assess its CIP cycle adaptability and determine the optimal packing scheme. The failure mechanisms of the coated sand layer, formation sand invasion, pore blocking behaviour and dynamic evolution characteristics of permeability were systematically investigated. Results indicate that the composite system satisfies the requirements on structural stability, sand retention capacity and permeability performance under CIP conditions. No sand breakthrough occurs under fully compacted packing conditions. Sand production emerges in incompletely compacted test groups at the initial stage; nevertheless, both the mass and grain size of produced sand decrease with ongoing cycles until pore blocking equilibrium is attained and sand outflow terminates, satisfying on site sand control criteria. Invasion of reservoir sand triggers internal clogging. Recurrent clogging unclogging takes place at injection production transitions, which contributes to progressive permeability loss in successive cycles. In the reference experiment with 95% packing efficiency, the permeability of the coated sand pack dropped by around 25.9% after five CIP cycles. Accordingly, improving the packing density and consolidation strength of the outer annulus coated sand layer serves as the primary approach to guarantee structural stability, long term sand retention performance and sustained flow conductivity.

     

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