南海东部恩平21−4油田超深大位移井固井关键技术

覃建宇; 李波; 饶志华; 金勇; 张勇; 刘永峰

doi:10.11911/syztjs.2025026

南海东部恩平21−4油田超深大位移井固井关键技术

中海石油（中国）有限公司深圳分公司，广东深圳 518064

详细信息

作者简介:
覃建宇（1984—），男，广西来宾人，2006年毕业于中国地质大学（武汉）勘查技术与工程专业，高级工程师，主要从事海洋石油钻完井技术研究与管理工作。E-mail：qinjy@cnooc.com.cn

中图分类号: TE256⁺.3
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出版历程
- 收稿日期: 2025-01-20
- 修回日期: 2025-03-22
- 网络出版日期: 2025-04-02

Research and Application of Key Cementing Technologies for an Ultra-Deep Large-Displacement Well in Enping 21-4 Oilfield, Eastern South China Sea

Shenzhen Branch, CNOOC (China) Co, Ltd., Shenzhen, Guangdong, 518064, China

摘要

摘要:
南海东部恩平21−4油田A1H井是一口超深大位移井，是中国海油ϕ244.5 mm套管下入最深的井，该井ϕ244.5 mm套管下深8 125.00 m，裸眼长度5 125.00 m，裸眼段水平位移5 093.17 m，套管下入难度大，且实钻穿越3个漏层，固井漏失风险大，固井质量难以保证。为攻克该井固井技术难题，研发了套管附件磨损评价装置并完成入井附件的评价优选，为安全顺利下入套管提供了技术保障；利用循环摩阻精准计算技术，实现了作业期间井筒内压力的准确控制与浆柱结构的优化设计，有效回避了固井漏失风险；应用双重悬浮超低密度低摩阻首浆和高固相低黏高切尾浆水泥浆确保井内流体流变性合理匹配，有效提高了固井顶替效率；通过温度压力耦合计算技术准确评估了井底循环温度，为水泥浆试验提供了合理的温度。通过综合应用各项关键技术，恩平21−4油田A1H井固井施工顺利进行并取得成功，为该海域超深大位移井固井提供了技术保障。
- 大位移井 /
- 固井 /
- 低摩阻水泥浆 /
- 温度压力耦合计算 /
- 恩平21−4油田
Abstract:
he Enping 21-4 ultra-deep and large-displacement well, operated by CNOOC, represents the deepest ϕ244.55 mm casing run in China, with a casing depth of 8,125 meters, a barehole length of 5,125 meters, and a horizontal displacement of 5,093.17 meters in the barehole section. Faced with extreme depth and displacement challenges, along with three actual drilling-induced loss zones encountered during construction that heightened risks of cementing loss and compromised cement quality assurance, the project team developed and implemented four key technologies to ensure successful casing deployment and cementing operations. Specifically, a dedicated casing accessory wear evaluation system was developed for in-hole accessory performance assessment and optimization, providing technical guarantees for safe casing running; circulation friction precision calculation technology enabled real-time pressure control and slurry structure optimization during operations, effectively avoiding cementing loss risks; a dual-suspended slurry system combining an ultra-low-density low-friction lead slurry with a high-solid content low-viscosity tail slurry ensured rheological compatibility of wellbore fluids, significantly improving cement displacement efficiency; and temperature-pressure coupled simulation accurately evaluated bottomhole circulating temperature, offering rational temperature parameters for cement slurry formulation. Through the integrated application of these technologies, the Enping 21-4 well achieved smooth cementing operations despite its extreme conditions. This case demonstrates that systematic technological innovation can effectively manage ultra-deep large-displacement well challenges, offering valuable reference for offshore oilfield development in deepwater and ultra-deep environments with high displacement and complex geological features. The successful implementation not only confirms CNOOC's technical leadership in global deepwater drilling engineering for frontier reservoirs but also underscores its capability to deliver engineering solutions for such extreme wells, reinforcing its position in international industry leadership.
- extended reach well /
- well cementing /
- low friction cement paste /
- temperature and pressure coupling calculation /
- Enping 21-4 Oilfield

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图 1 双重悬浮超低密度低摩阻水泥浆体系的悬浮稳定性

Figure 1. The suspension stability of the double-suspended ultra-low density low-friction cement slurry system

下载: 全尺寸图片幻灯片

图 2 固井循环温度预测结果

Figure 2. Prediction result of cementing cycle temperature

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图 3 软件模拟结果与实测数据分析

Figure 3. Analysis of software simulation results and measured data

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图 4 固井顶替效率预测结果

Figure 4. Cementing displacement efficiency prediction results

下载: 全尺寸图片幻灯片

表 1 磨损试验结果

Table 1 Wear test result

扶正器材质	模拟磨损距离/m	厚度/mm		磨损率，%
扶正器材质	模拟磨损距离/m	试验前	试验后	磨损率，%
合金	3 000（L80钢）	15.12	15.07	0.33
合金	6 000（泥岩）	15.12	15.02	0.66
树脂	3 000（L80钢）	14.79	14.78	0.07
树脂	6 000（泥岩）	14.79	13.82	6.56
树脂+陶瓷	3 000（L80钢）	15.10	15.08	0.13
树脂+陶瓷	6 000（泥岩）	15.10	14.22	5.83

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表 2 海油模型与其他模型平均误差对比

Table 2 Error analysis of density correction model

流体	API模型		改进API模型		海油模型		温度压力
流体	确定系数	平均误差，%	确定系数	平均误差，%	确定系数	平均误差，%	温度/℃	压力/MPa
钻井液配方1#	0.996	0.343	0.999 7	0.080	0.999 89	0.048	265.56	172
前置液配方2#	0.975	0.378	0.997 0	0.143	0.999 98	0.014	160.00	152
水泥浆配方3#	0.989	0.432	0.997 0	0.218	0.999 18	0.111	262.78	207
水泥浆配方4#	0.958	0.945	0.995 0	0.324	0.999 85	0.052	162.78	172
水泥浆配方5#	0.960	0.661	0.970 0	0.546	0.992 10	0.353	204.44	152

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表 3 流变修正模型误差分析

Table 3 Error Analysis of rheological correction model

流体	确定系数	平均偏差，%
钻井液方1#	0.997	3.6
前置液配方2#	0.999	1.6
水泥浆配方3#	0.986	4.6
水泥浆配方4#	0.990	3.9

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表 4 A井井身结构

Table 4 Wellbore structure of Well A

井深（测深）/m	套管内径/mm	环空内径/mm	环空外径/mm
0～2 700	121.41	139.7	244.5
2 700～3 500	108.61	139.7	244.5
3 500～3 700	108.61	139.7	209.5

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表 5 0.5 m³/min排量下实测温度与计算温度对比

Table 5 Comparison results of measured temperature and calculated temperature (0.5 m³/min)

时间/s	测点1#温度			测点2#温度
时间/s	计算结果/℃	测量结果/℃	误差	计算结果/℃	测量结果/℃	误差
1 500	66.46	66.85	0.39	74.50	76.50	2.00
4 500	64.49	65.60	1.11	71.73	71.90	0.17
7 500	64.02	63.60	0.42	70.48	68.30	2.18
10 500	63.63	62.20	1.43	69.54	66.30	3.24
15 000	63.16	62.20	0.94	68.53	65.50	3.03

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表 6 1.0 m³/min排量下实测温度与计算温度对比

Table 6 Comparison results of measured temperature and calculated temperature (1.0 m³/min)

时间/s	测点1#温度			测点2#温度
时间/s	计算结果/℃	测量结果/℃	误差	计算结果/℃	测量结果/℃	误差
600	58.13	58.70	0.57	68.93	68.10	0.83
1 800	56.92	55.60	1.32	64.57	64.90	0.33
3 600	56.47	55.80	0.67	62.48	62.40	0.08
4 800	55.94	54.70	1.24	60.59	57.60	2.99
6 600	55.48	53.20	1.28	59.42	55.60	3.82

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表 7 1.5 m³/min排量下实测温度与计算温度对比

Table 7 Comparison results of measured temperature and calculated temperature (1.5 m³/min)

时间/s	测点1#温度			测点2#温度
时间/s	计算结果/℃	测量结果/℃	误差	计算结果/℃	测量结果/℃	误差
600	58.13	58.70	0.57	68.93	68.10	0.83
1 800	56.92	55.60	1.32	64.57	64.90	0.33
3 600	56.47	55.80	0.67	62.48	62.40	0.08
4 800	55.94	54.70	1.24	60.59	57.60	2.99
6 600	55.48	53.20	1.28	59.42	55.60	3.82

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表 8 3.0 m³/min排量下实测温度与计算温度对比

Table 8 Comparison results of measured temperature and calculated temperature (3.0 m³/min)

时间/s	测点1#温度			测点2#温度
时间/s	计算结果/℃	测量结果/℃	误差	计算结果/℃	测量结果/℃	误差
600	58.80	56.80	2.0	67.39	68.70	1.31
1 800	57.00	54.60	2.4	62.17	63.10	0.93
3 600	56.20	54.60	1.6	59.89	61.60	1.71
4 800	55.30	54.40	0.9	57.93	60.40	2.47
6 000	54.70	54.40	0.3	57.06	60.00	2.94

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表 9 3.5 m³/min排量下实测温度与计算温度对比

Table 9 Comparison results of measured temperature and calculated temperature (3.5 m³/min)

时间/s	测点1#温度			测点2#温度
时间/s	计算结果/℃	测量结果/℃	误差	计算结果/℃	测量结果/℃	误差
600	57.00	58.00	1.00	67.37	67.90	0.53
1 800	57.00	58.00	1.00	63.02	64.30	1.27
3 600	56.63	57.50	0.87	61.47	62.60	1.13
4 800	56.10	57.70	1.60	60.37	61.90	1.53
6 000	55.82	58.00	2.18	59.90	61.90	2.00

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表 10 3.8 m³/min排量下实测温度与计算温度对比

Table 10 Comparison results of measured temperature and calculated temperature (3.8 m³/min)

时间/s	测点1#温度			测点2#温度
时间/s	计算结果/℃	测量结果/℃	误差	计算结果/℃	测量结果/℃	误差
600	57.18	56.80	0.38	67.33	66.70	0.63
1 200	57.43	57.40	0.03	64.69	64.30	0.39
1 800	57.39	57.20	0.19	63.36	63.30	0.06
2 400	57.26	57.00	0.26	62.60	62.40	0.20
3 600	56.98	57.50	0.52	61.76	62.80	1.04

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表 11 高固相低黏高切水泥浆体系颗粒级配

Table 11 Particle grading of high solid phase, low viscosity and high cut cement slurry system

材料	D10/μm	D50/μm	D90/μm
水泥	1.73	14.50	47.80
人造空心减轻材料	35.20	58.70	95.30
火山灰材料	1.40	10.80	40.20

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