Abstract: To explore the rock breaking laws and mechanisms of the electric thermal chemical energy gathering shock wave reservoir modification technology. Firstly, based on a clear understanding of the evolution of technological devices, the mechanism of propagation and damage of concentrated energy shock waves in reservoirs was analyzed; Then, using the brittle material dynamic failure JH-2 numerical model simulation, based on the physical simulation test to verify the simulation method, the repeated impact rock breaking test of concentrated energy shock wave was carried out, and the influence law and mechanism of different concentrated energy shock wave waveforms on the rock breaking effect were analyzed; Finally, simulate and optimize the waveforms of different combinations of shock waves. The results indicate that the process of rock destruction by concentrated energy shock waves includes the near wellbore fragmentation buffering stage, the competitive initiation and expansion stage of multiple fractures, and the extension and expansion stage of dominant fractures; The combination of shock wave parameters with a peak pressure of 90 MPa and a pulse width of 15 μs has a good fracturing effect; The combination of low peak pressure+small pulse width and high peak pressure+large pulse width has a better effect on repeated impact rock breaking, producing a large number of cracks with long crack lengths and smaller fracture zones. The research results have to some extent clarified the rock breaking mechanism of the electric thermal chemical energy gathering shock wave reservoir modification technology, providing theoretical support for field applications.