电控半程旋转导向钻井工具研制与现场试验

Research and Field Test of Electronically Controlled Half-way Rotary Directional Drilling Tool

  • 摘要: 半程旋转导向钻井技术,是将下部钻具与上部钻具的扭矩进行分离,上部钻柱低转速旋转送钻,下部钻具进行常规滑动定向钻进,可低成本、大幅度提高导向钻井的轨迹控制能力和水平段延伸能力。基于此技术,研制了电控半程旋转导向钻井工具。该工具在常规滑动定向钻井钻柱的近钻头端安放电控半程旋转导向钻井工具,由地面信号下传装置发送钻井液负脉冲序列指令,工具接收指令后执行钻柱扭矩分离和结合动作。需要指出的是,扭矩分离后对反扭矩进行控制是该工具的关键技术,通常用钻柱与井壁的摩擦扭矩对抗反扭矩,但当扭矩激增时无法平衡反扭矩。电控半程旋转导向钻井工具通过增设抗反扭扶正器和吸扭储能总成,有效抵抗反扭矩,稳定工具面。电控半程旋转导向钻井工具已开展4井次现场试验。试验结果表明,该工具可大幅缓解托压,降摩减阻,提高钻压传递效率,具备反扭矩控制能力,扭矩分离后工具面保持平稳,机械钻速有所提高,具有推广应用价值。

     

    Abstract: The half way rotary drilling technology is a technical extension based on conventional sliding steerable drilling. The principle of this technology is to separate the torque of the lower drilling tool from the upper drilling tool, so that the upper drill string can be rotated and sent to the drill at low speed. while the lower drilling tool performs the function of conventional sliding directional drilling. In this way, the control ability of conventional steerable drilling trajectory and the extension ability of horizontal section can be greatly improved at low cost. It has broad application prospects. Based on this technology, an electrically controlled semi-rotary steerable drilling tool was developed. The electrically controlled semi-rotary steerable drilling tool was installed near the drill bit end of the drill string of conventional sliding directional drilling. The ground signal transmission device sent a drilling fluid negative pulse sequence command. After receiving the command, the tool performed the drill string torque separation and combination action. It should be pointed out that the control of the anti-torque after torque separation is the key technology of the tool. Usually, the friction torque between the drill string and the well wall is used to counteract the anti-torque, but when the torque surges, the anti-torque cannot be balanced. The electrically controlled semi-rotary steerable drilling tool can effectively resist the anti-torque and stabilize the tool face by adding an anti-reverse torque stabilizer and a torque absorption and energy storage assembly. The four-well field test of the electrically controlled semi-rotary steerable drilling tool showed that it can greatly alleviate the support pressure, reduce friction and drag, and improve the drilling pressure transmission efficiency. The tool has the ability to control the anti-torque. After the torque is separated, the tool face remains stable and ROP is improved.

     

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