深层地热热储改造技术进展与发展建议

Technical Progress and Development Suggestion of Deep Geothermal Heat Storage Reconstruction

  • 摘要: 我国深层地热资源量非常丰富,但因具有温度高、硬度高、应力高、施工压力高等“四高”特征,通过热储改造经济利用其热能难度极大,大量深层高温沉积岩及干热岩等深层地热资源因技术与经济原因尚未得到规模动用。总结分析了当前国内外深层地热热储改造技术最新进展,认识到以往传统的直井或斜井注采模式及笼统的压裂改造方法难以满足深层地热效益开发需求。为此,提出了大力发展“直井+水平井”或“水平井+水平井”联合注采井网+分段压裂技术及配套的耐高温工具、材料与裂缝系统定量表征技术等的建议,为加速我国能源转型与早日实现“双碳”目标提供了参考。

     

    Abstract: Geothermal resources are abundant in the deep strata. Due to the characteristics of high temperature, high hardness, high stress and high construction pressure, it is very difficult to economically utilize its heat energy by using the heat storage transformation technology. A large number of deep geothermal resources, such as deep high-temperature sedimentary rocks and dry hot rocks, have not been utilized on a large scale due to technical and economic reasons. This paper summarizes and analyzes the latest progress of deep geothermal reservoir reconstruction technology at domestically and internationally. It recognizes that conventional well-based injection and production models, as well as generalized fracturing techniques, are inadequate to meet the growing demand for efficient deep geothermal energy development. The paper advocates for the robust development of integrated well networks, such as vertical and horizontal wells, or pairs of horizontal wells, combined with segmented fracturing methods. Additionally, it emphasizes the need for the development of high-temperature-resistant tools, materials, and technologies for the quantitative characterization of fracture systems. These strategies are proposed to accelerate China’s energy transition and facilitate the achievement of dual carbon objectives.

     

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