Abstract: In order to achieve intelligent drilling technology and promote the development of digital twin technology in drilling engineering, this paper introduces digital twin technology to construct an architecture for adaptive control of drilling parameters. In this context, we define the adaptive control technology for drilling parameters and its workflow, and analyze the digital twin requirements for adaptive control technology. Combining these requirements, we design an architecture for adaptive control of drilling parameters based on digital twins, which includes five components: physical drilling platform, virtual drilling platform, drilling twin data, service applications, and communication connections. We elucidate the operational mechanism of the digital twin-based adaptive control system for drilling parameters from three aspects: the construction, evolution, and updates of the digital twin system. Furthermore, we analyze the key theoretical and technical requirements for the adaptive control system of drilling parameters. The research shows that the digital twin-based adaptive control system for drilling parameters integrates adaptive control technology with intelligent drilling rigs and equipment, promoting the development of digital twin technology in drilling engineering and significantly contributing to the realization of intelligent drilling.