Simulation and Analysis of Dynamic Characteristics of Drilling String in Extra-Deep Wells
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摘要:
随着钻井深度不断增加，钻柱运动所涉及的力学问题变得更加复杂，钻柱动力学特性模拟及分析可为安全优质高效钻井提供支撑。为了探求特深井钻柱的运动特性，将钻柱运动的控制方程采用Newmark法对时间离散后，运用SOR节点迭代法，对每一时间步的钻柱整体构形进行求解，实现了总长超9 000 m的钻柱动力学特性模拟，不仅给出了钻柱4个典型位置的涡动轨迹、涡动速度和横向加速度，还分析了钻柱的粘滑特性。分析结果表明，上部钻柱的涡动及粘滑现象不明显；随着位置下移，出现不规则涡动及不充分粘滑现象；近钻头位置的钻柱会出现较剧烈涡动，也会出现粘滑振动；中性点位置处钻柱的涡动最为剧烈、碰摩严重，可能给钻柱带来安全隐患。研究结果为特深井安全钻井提供了理论依据。
Abstract:As drilling depths increase, the mechanical problems involved in drilling string motion become more complicated. The simulation and analysis of dynamic characteristics of drilling strings could contribute to safe, high-quality, and efficient drilling. In order to explore the motion characteristics of drilling strings in extra-deep wells, the governing equation of drilling string motion was time-discretized using the Newmark method, and the successive over-relaxation (SOR) node iteration method was used to solve the entire configuration of the drilling string at each time step. The dynamic characteristics of the drilling string with a total length of over 9 000 m were simulated. The whirl trajectory, whirl velocity, and lateral acceleration of the drilling string at four typical positions were given. The whirl and stick-slip characteristics of the drilling string were also analyzed. The results demonstrate that the whirl and stick-slip phenomena in the upper part of the drilling string are not obvious and that as the position moves down, irregular whirl and insufficient stick-slip phenomena appear, and the drilling string near the bit may experience violent whirl and stick-slip vibration. The drilling string near the neutral point has the most violent whirls and serious friction, which may bring potential safety risks to the drilling string. The research results can provide theoretical basis for the safe drilling of extra-deep wells.
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Keywords:
- extra-deep well /
- drill string dynamics /
- SOR node iteration method /
- whirl /
- stick-slip
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图 7 SOR节点迭代法计算结果与解析解的对比
Figure 7. Comparison of SOR node iteration calculation results and analytical solutions
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图 10 A点处钻柱形心的横向加速度
Figure 10. Lateral acceleration of drilling string centroid at position A
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图 11 B点处钻柱形心的涡动轨迹
Figure 11. Whirl trajectory of drilling string centroid at position B
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图 13 B点处钻柱形心的横向加速度
Figure 13. Lateral acceleration of drilling string centroid at position B
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图 14 C点处钻柱形心的涡动轨迹
Figure 14. Whirl trajectory of drilling string centroid at position C
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图 16 C点处钻柱形心的横向加速度
Figure 16. Lateral acceleration of drilling string centroid at position C
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图 17 D点处钻柱形心的涡动轨迹
Figure 17. Whirl trajectory of drilling string centroid at position D
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图 19 D点处钻柱形心的横向加速度
Figure 19. Lateral acceleration of drilling string centroid at position D
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