海上水基钻屑高效密闭输送技术

王景; 祁健; 岳明

doi:10.11911/syztjs.2023105

海上水基钻屑高效密闭输送技术

王景^1,,
祁健¹,
岳明²

1.
中海油节能环保服务有限公司, 天津300452
2.
中海石油（中国）有限公司天津分公司，天津300452

详细信息

作者简介:
王景（1983—），男，河北定州人，2007年毕业于河北科技师范学院机械设计制造及其自动化专业，工程师，主要从事钻完井技术、装备及油气田环保等相关技术研究及项目施工管理。E-mail：wangjing26@cnooc.com.cn

中图分类号: TE21
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出版历程
- 收稿日期: 2022-07-14
- 修回日期: 2023-10-23
- 网络出版日期: 2023-11-12
- 刊出日期: 2024-05-24

Efficient Closed Transportation Technologies for Offshore Water-Based Drilling Cuttings

1.
CNOOC Energy Conservation & Environmental Protection Service Co., Ltd., Tianjin, 300452, China
2.
Tianjin Branch of CNOOC Limited, Tianjin, 300452, China

摘要

摘要:
为解决海上水基钻屑回收过程中输送效率低、环保风险高等问题，在分析水基钻屑特性及输送难点的基础上，研究了适用于海上水基钻屑输送的高效密闭输送技术，分析了钻屑输送过程中的摩阻，进行了降阻和防堵清管技术研究。模型计算结果与现场试验表明，水基钻屑密闭输送宜采用液压输送方式，结合输送管道设计和增压混合器，有效降阻提速，当泵送速度设置为30%～100%时，输送量7.5～25.7 m³/h，泵送压力1.4～2.8 MPa。研究结果表明，海上水基钻屑密闭输送技术解决了水基钻屑高效、密闭、远距离输送的难题，能够满足海上钻井作业的需要，具有较好的推广应用价值。
- 水基钻屑 /
- 海上 /
- 密闭输送 /
- 黏滞性 /
- 降阻
Abstract:
In order to solve the problems of low transportation efficiency and high environmental protection risks in the process of offshore water-based drilling cuttings recovery, based on the analysis of the characteristics and transportation difficulties of water-based drilling cuttings, a set of efficient closed transportation technologies suitable for offshore water-based drilling cuttings transportation was studied, and the frictional resistance in the transportation process of drilling cuttings was analyzed. Research on resistance reduction and anti-blocking pigging technologies was also conducted. The model calculation results and field test data showed that the closed transportation of water-based drilling cuttings should adopt hydraulic transportation technology, combined with the design of transportation pipeline and pressurized mixer, to effectively reduce resistance and improve the velocity. When the pumping speed was set at 30%−100%, the transportation capacity was 7.5−25.7 m³/h, and the pumping pressure was 1.4−2.8 MPa. The research results show that the closed transportation technology of offshore water-based drilling cuttings solves the problems of efficient, closed, and long-distance transportation of water-based drilling cuttings. It can meet the needs of offshore drilling operations and is of great popularization, application, and commercialization value.
- water-based drilling cuttings /
- offshore /
- closed transportation /
- viscosity /
- resistance reduction

HTML全文

图 1 钻屑密闭输送工艺流程

Figure 1. Closed transportation process of drilling cuttings

下载: 全尺寸图片幻灯片

图 2 钻屑在管道内的流动状态

Figure 2. Flow state of drilling cuttings in a pipeline

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图 3 钻屑表面有润滑层时的流动状态

Figure 3. Flow state when there is a lubricating layer on the surface of drilling cuttings

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图 4 钻屑高效传输装置的结构

1.底架；2.主油缸1；3.水箱；4.润滑泵；5.料缸1；6.进料斗；7.出料斗；8.出料油缸1；9.出料口；10.出料油缸2；11.出料群阀1；12.出料群阀2；13.进料群阀2；14.进料群阀1；15.料缸2；16.活塞2；17.活塞1；18.主油缸2

Figure 4. Structure of efficient transportation device for drilling cuttings

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图 5 管道几何模型示意

Figure 5. Geometric model of pipeline

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图 6 管道不同位置处的压力

Figure 6. Pressure at different positions of the pipeline

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图 7 选定的4个位置

Figure 7. Selected 4 positions

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图 8 不同位置处的速度和压力剖面

Figure 8. Velocity and pressure profile at different positions

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图 9 增压混合器的结构

Figure 9. Structure of pressurized mixer

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表 1 钻屑的物性参数

Table 1 Physical parameters of drilling cuttings

样品序号	含液率， %	平均密度/ （g·cm⁻³）	固体颗粒密度/ （g·cm⁻³）	固体颗粒粒径/ mm	表观黏度/ （Pa·s）	静置2 h后物态
1	68.0	1.23	2.69	0.18	45.40	固液分层，界面清晰
2	52.0	1.42	2.31	0.18	11.06	固液分层，界面清晰
3	45.7	1.42	2.32	0.07	3.81	固液分层，界面清晰

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表 2 气动与液压2种输送方式下水基钻屑输送试验的结果

Table 2 Results of conveying water-based drilling cuttings using pneumatic and hydraulic conveying methods

输送方式	输送介质	功率/kW	输送量/ （m³·h⁻¹）	占地面积/ m²	输送压力/MPa	输送距离/m	输送管道直径/mm	输送管道承压/MPa	连续作业无故障时间/h
气动	水基钻屑	160	35	17.0	0.8	100	127.0	2	2
液压	水基钻屑	60	30	7.5	5.0	150	101.6	6	8

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表 3 不同工况下湍流与层流模型计算出的压降

Table 3 Pressure drop calculated by turbulence and laminar models under different operating conditions

工况	不同模型计算的压降/MPa
工况	Realizable κ–ε模型	雷诺应力模型	层流模型
不考虑重力，20 ℃	4.282	4.655	4.438
不考虑重力，25 ℃	3.613	3.913	3.735
考虑重力，20 ℃	3.791	4.164	3.947
考虑重力，25 ℃	3.722	3.422	3.233

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表 4 摩阻计算结果

Table 4 Friction calculation results

计算方法	摩阻/MPa		泵供压力/ MPa
计算方法	忽略重力	考虑重力	泵供压力/ MPa
理论法	8.023	7.535	9.035
OLGA法	6.852	6.360	7.860
FLUENT单相流	5.122	4.628	6.128
FLUENT多相流	5.226	4.728	6.228
流变原理法	6.684	6.267	7.770

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表 5 增压混合器仿真结果

Table 5 Simulation results of pressurized mixer

入射压力/MPa	喷嘴倾斜角度/（°）	喷嘴最大射流速度/（m·s⁻¹）	最大湍动能（m²·s⁻²）	混合器出口平均速度/（m·s⁻¹）	混合器进出口压差/MPa	混合器内部最大负压/MPa
10	30	76.86	10.27	1.267	0.013	−0.110
10	45	76.5	10.25	1.180	0.002	−0.103
20	30	130.9	26.86	1.315	0.073	−0.370
20	45	130.0	26.77	1.296	0.042	−0.198
30	30	173.9	45.84	1.441	0.160	−0.443
30	45	172.5	45.64	1.389	0.092	−0.305
40	30	210.2	66.28	1.584	0.247	−0.515
40	45	208.6	65.93	1.467	0.146	−0.397
50	30	243.0	87.78	1.634	0.338	−0.627
50	45	240.2	87.25	1.538	0.202	−0.481

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表 6 现场试验结果

Table 6 Field test results

泵送速度， %	钻井井深/ m	测试时间/ min	A缸压力/MPa	B缸压力/ MPa	锥阀压力/MPa	缸冲次/min⁻¹	平均实际输送量/（m³·h⁻¹)
30	365	60	1.4	1.4	6.2	2.4	7.5
40	987	60	1.8	1.7	6.2	3.4	11.4
70	1 258	120	2.0	2.2	6.2	5.6	18.3
100	1 989	60	2.8	2.8	6.2	7.8	25.7

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