Comprehensive Evaluation Method of Shale Oil Sweet Spot Based on Grey Correlation Analysis: A Case Study of Bonan Sag in Bohai Bay Basin
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摘要:
国内页岩油以中国陆相沉积为主，地质条件复杂多变，且地质工程甜点评价要素多元，为页岩油甜点综合评价带来了困难。以渤海盆地渤南洼陷为例，基于灰色关联理论，筛选出了页岩厚度、总有机碳含量、镜质体反射率、孔隙度、热解游离烃含量、原油密度、原油黏度、地层压力和脆性指数等9个评价指标，分析了评价指标间的相关性，优化了各评价指标的权重，计算了综合评价指数，实现了页岩油甜点的综合性、定量化精准评价。分析结果显示：渤南洼陷页岩油综合评价指数高值主要分布于XYS9—Y182—Y187井区、Y283井区南部及L42井区周围，整体向南、向北综合评价指数逐渐降低，综合评价指数与单井产量具有较好的相关性，能够较好地匹配渤南洼陷页岩油单井产量；BYP5井综合评价指数自上而下整体减小，与示踪剂监测的产量贡献率趋势一致，两者具有较好的相关性。研究结果表明，页岩油水平井完井后，通过计算综合评价指数，可以及时、准确地评价水平段的甜点段，指导页岩油水平井压裂施工。
Abstract:The geological conditions of shale oil in China, which is dominated by continental deposits, are complex and changeable, and the evaluation factors of geological engineering sweet spots are multiple, which brings difficulties to the comprehensive evaluation of shale oil sweet spots. With Bonan Sag in Bohai Bay Basin as an example, nine evaluation indexes were selected based on the grey correlation theory, including shale thickness, total organic carbon (TOC), vitrinite reflectance, porosity, pyrolysis free hydrocarbon content, crude oil density, crude oil viscosity, formation pressure, and brittleness index, and correlation analysis and weight optimization among these evaluation indexes were carried out to calculate a comprehensive evaluation index, so as to realize the comprehensive, quantitative, and accurate assessment of shale oil sweet spots. The results revealed that high values of the comprehensive evaluation index for shale oil in Bonan Sag were mainly concentrated in the XYS9, Y182, and Y187 well areas, as well as in the southern part of the Y283 well area and the surrounding vicinity of the L42 well area. The overall comprehensive evaluation index gradually decreased in the south and north directions. The comprehensive evaluation index had a good correlation with the single well production, which allowed for a good matching of shale oil production in Bonan Sag. The overall decline in the comprehensive evaluation index of the Well BYP5 from top to bottom, aligned with the trend of production contribution rates monitored by tracers, demonstrating a significant correlation between the two. The research indicate that after the completion of a shale oil horizontal well, by calculating the comprehensive evaluation index, the sweet spots of the horizontal section can be evaluated promptly and accurately to guide the fracturing measures of the shale oil horizontal well.
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Keywords:
- shale oil /
- sweet spot /
- grey correlation theory /
- comprehensive evaluation /
- Bonan Sag
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图 2 渤南洼陷页岩油评价指标与日产油量的相关性
Figure 2. Correlation between shale oil evaluation indexes and daily production of shale oil in Bonan Sag
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图 3 渤南洼陷页岩油综合评价指数平面分布
Figure 3. Plane distribution of comprehensive evaluation indexes of shale oil in Bonan Sag
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图 4 渤南洼陷页岩油综合评价指数与日油产量的相关性
Figure 4. Correlation of comprehensive evaluation indexes and daily production of shale oil in Bonan Sag
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图 5 BYP5井页岩油甜点段综合评价结果
Figure 5. Comprehensive evaluation results of shale oil sweet spots in Well BYP5
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图 6 BYP5井页岩油甜点段综合评价指数与产量贡献率的相关性
Figure 6. Correlation analysis between the comprehensive evaluation index of shale oil sweet spots and production contribution rate in Well BYP5
表 1 渤南洼陷页岩油井的评价指标
Table 1 Evaluation indexes of shale oil wells in Bonan Sag
井号 日产油
量/t含油性 储集性 可动性 可压性 页岩厚度/m 总有机碳
含量，%镜质体反
射率，%孔隙度，% 热解游离烃
含量/（mg·g−1）原油密度/
（kg·L−1）原油黏度/
（mPa·s）地层压力/
MPa脆性指数，% Y187 156.0 64.1 0.90 6.0 0.88 12.4 68 Y182 140.0 50.6 3.80 0.90 6.1 2.78 0.88 15.2 58.8 73 L42 79.9 32.9 8.58 0.78 1.6 6.89 0.87 28.4 45.2 69 L19 43.5 26.0 1.81 0.67 1.0 1.76 0.73 38.2 44.2 66 Y186 41.5 44.2 2.33 0.92 2.5 2.85 0.88 12.7 47.1 75 XYS9 38.5 80.2 3.13 0.86 6.6 5.13 0.87 8.4 60.0 58 BS8 12.2 15.9 3.2 0.92 0.7 39.7 62 L20 9.2 10.2 4.63 0.72 2.2 3.92 0.93 208.0 37.0 Y283 7.6 59.5 1.75 0.85 6.3 2.61 0.90 14.5 56.9 63 Y57 2.6 25.9 0.65 1.9 0.93 192.0 66 BYP1 2.5 0.85 1.6 0.91 58.6 48.9 70 L67 2.1 23.0 3.04 0.81 5.8 3.58 0.91 47.0 60 BYP2 1.1 0.66 1.2 0.93 476.0 64 L69 0.9 26.0 3.44 0.82 4.7 1.15 0.89 66 L16 0.1 39.0 2.19 0.68 1.7 2.52 0.93 42.0 Y9 0 26.6 0.62 1.7 2.96 L52 0 20.0 0.76 1.5 Y289 0 0.92 1.10 
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表 2 渤南洼陷页岩油井评价指标归一化处理结果
Table 2 Normalization of evaluation indexes of shale oil wells in Bonan Sag
井号 日产油 含油性 储集性 可动性 可压性 页岩厚度 总有机碳含量 镜质体反射率 孔隙度 热解游离烃含量 原油密度 原油黏度 地层压力 脆性指数 Y187 1.00 0.77 0.93 0.89 0.24 0.97 0.59 Y182 0.90 0.58 0.10 0.93 0.91 0.29 0.23 0.97 0.95 0.88 L42 0.51 0.32 1.00 0.53 0.11 1.00 0.30 0.94 0.36 0.65 L19 0.28 0.23 0.01 0.17 0 0.11 1.00 0.92 0.31 0.47 Y186 0.27 0.49 0.08 1.00 0.27 0.30 0.27 0.97 0.44 1.00 XYS9 0.25 1.00 0.20 0.80 1.00 0.70 0.32 0.98 1.00 0 BS8 0.08 0.08 0.39 0.05 1.00 0.12 0.24 L20 0.06 0.42 0.33 0.21 0.49 0.56 0 Y283 0.05 0.70 0 0.77 0.95 0.26 0.15 0.97 0.86 0.29 Y57 0.02 0.22 0.10 0.16 0 0.60 0.47 BYP1 0.02 0.77 0.11 0.12 0.88 0.52 0.71 L67 0.01 0.18 0.19 0.63 0.86 0.43 0.10 0.43 0.12 BYP2 0.01 0.13 0.04 0 0 0.35 L69 0.01 0.23 0.25 0.67 0.66 0.01 0.19 0.47 L16 0 0.41 0.06 0.20 0.13 0.25 0.02 0.91 Y9 0 0.23 0 0.13 0.32 L52 0 0.14 0.47 0.09 Y289 0 1.00 0
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表 3 渤南洼陷页岩油井评价指标相关度及权重
Table 3 Correlation and weight of evaluation indexes of shale oil wells in Bonan Sag
参数 页岩厚度 总有机碳含量 镜质体反射率 孔隙度 热解游离烃含量 原油密度 原油黏度 地层压力 脆性指数 相关度 校正前 0.66 0.70 0.66 0.69 0.61 0.80 0.51 0.72 0.62 校正后 0.66 0.70 0.66 0.69 0.23 0.80 0.51 0.72 0.62 权重 0.12 0.13 0.12 0.12 0.04 0.14 0.09 0.13 0.11
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表 4 渤南洼陷页岩油井的综合评价指数
Table 4 Comprehensive evaluation indexes of shale oil wells in Bonan Sag
井号 综合评价指数 井号 综合评价指数 Y187 0.47 Y57 0.16 Y182 0.61 BYP1 0.32 L42 0.52 L67 0.33 L19 0.39 BYP2 0.05 Y186 0.55 L69 0.28 XYS9 0.69 L16 0.17 BS8 0.19 Y9 0.04 L20 0.20 L52 0.08 Y283 0.60 Y289 0.11
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