Experimental Study on the Migration and Adsorption of Gel Profile Control Agent in Medium-Permeability Sandstone in the Sabei Block of Daqing Oilfield
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摘要:
大庆油田萨北区块中渗透砂岩油藏经过长期三元复合驱，出现了三元复合体系窜流，导致采收率下降，需要通过凝胶型调剖剂来改善三元复合驱的驱替效果。为了确定三元复合驱条件下凝胶型调剖剂对开发效果的影响，明确其对最终采收率的贡献，开展了凝胶型调剖剂在地层运移中的动态吸附滞留特性研究。利用长度为250 cm的填砂管模型（7个取样点），测试了未成胶聚合物凝胶调剖剂注入过程中各取样点采出液的聚合物质量浓度、体系黏度，以及驱替液与石英砂的微观形貌，研究了调剖剂在运移过程中在岩石上的吸附量和吸附速率、剪切黏度的变化规律及其在驱替液和石英砂表面吸附的微观形貌变化规律。研究结果表明，调剖剂注入过程中，聚合物累计吸附量随注入量增加呈指数增加，而吸附速率随注入量增加呈线性递减。此外，调剖剂黏度动态下降是由黏度剪切和吸附滞留造成的。该研究明确了凝胶型调剖剂在动态运移过程中的吸附滞留变化规律，对于优选体系、合理调配施工工艺及施工方案，以及采油现场调剖作业具有指导意义。
Abstract:After a long period of alkali-surfactant-polymer (ASP) flooding, an ASP system channeling was observed in the medium-permeability sandstone reservoir in the Sabei block of Daqing Oilfield, resulting in a decreased recovery. Therefore, it is necessary to improve the effect of ASP flooding with gel profile control agent. In order to further determine the influence of gel profile control agent on the field development effect under ASP flooding and identify its contribution to ultimate recovery, the dynamics of adsorption and residence of the gel profile control agent during its migration in formation were studied. In this study, the concentration of produced liquid components, the viscosity of the system, and the micromorphology of the displacing fluid and quartz sand were tested at each sampling point during the injection of ungelled polymer gel with a sand-filled pipe model (seven sampling points) with a length of 250 cm. The changes in the adsorption volume, adsorption rate, and shear viscosity of the profile control agent on the rock during the migration and those of the micromorphology on the surface of the displacing fluid and quartz sand during adsorption were studied. The results show that during the injection of profile control agents, the cumulative adsorption volume of polymer increases exponentially with the increase of the injection volume, while the dynamic adsorption rate decreases linearly with the increase of the injection volume. In addition, the decrease of dynamic viscosity of profile control agents is caused by viscosity shear and adsorption and residence. This study clarifies the dynamics of adsorption and residence of gel profile control agent in the process of dynamic migration, which is instructive to optimize the system and reasonable selection of implementation technologies, implementation plan, and profile control on field site.
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图 2 不同聚合物质量浓度和渗透率条件下取样点41.7 cm处聚合物累计吸附量随注入量的变化曲线
Figure 2. Variation of cumulative adsorption volume of polymer at sampling point of 41.7 cm with injection volume under different polymer mass concentrations and permeability
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图 3 不同条件下取样点41.7 cm处聚合物吸附速率随注入量的变化规律
Figure 3. Variation of polymer adsorption rate at sampling point of 41.7 cm with injection volume under different conditions
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图 4 相同渗透率下不同聚合物质量浓度驱替液在填砂管运移过程中的吸附量曲线
Figure 4. Adsorption volume curve of displacing fluid with the same permeability and different polymer mass concentrations during migration in sand-filled pipe
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图 5 渗透率5.0 D、聚合物质量质量浓度1 500 mg/L条件下注入2.0 PV凝胶时凝胶体系的微观形貌变化
Figure 5. Changes of micromorphology of 2.0 PV gel system observed at a permeability of 5.0 D and polymer mass concentration of 1 500 mg/L
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图 6 渗透率5.0 D、聚合物质量浓度1 500 mg/L条件下注入2.0 PV凝胶时41.7 cm处取样驱替前后凝胶体系的微观形貌变化
Figure 6. Changes of micromorphology of 2.0 PV gel system at sampling point of 41.7 cm before and after flooding observed at a permeability of 5.0 D and polymer mass concentration of 1 500 mg/L
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图 7 不同条件下注入2.0 PV调剖剂后填砂管不同位置处的黏度损失率
Figure 7. viscosity loss rate at different positions of the sand filling pipe after injecting 2.0 PV profile control agent under different conditions
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图 8 不同条件下注入1.0 PV调剖剂后填砂管不同位置的黏度损失率
Figure 8. viscosity loss rate at different positions of the sand filling pipe after injecting 1.0 PV profile control agent under different conditions
表 1 填砂管模型的取样点到注入端对应长度填砂管孔隙体积
Table 1 Pore volume of sand-filled pipe with the corresponding length from the sampling point to the injection end
岩心渗透
率/D孔隙
度，%取样位
置/cm孔隙体
积/mL注入体积/
孔隙体积取样时
间/h3.0 43.1 0 0 0 0 41.7 79.8 0.1 13.3 83.4 159.6 0.3 26.6 125.0 239.3 0.5 39.9 166.8 319.3 0.6 53.2 208.5 399.1 0.8 66.5 250.0 478.6 1.0 79.8 5.0 43.5 0 0 0 0 41.7 80.3 0.1 13.5 83.4 160.6 0.3 27.1 125.0 240.8 0.5 40.5 166.8 321.3 0.6 54.0 208.5 401.5 0.8 67.5 250.0 481.5 1.0 80.9 7.0 43.9 0 0 0 0 41.7 81.6 0.1 14.3 83.4 163.2 0.3 28.6 125.0 244.7 0.5 42.8 166.8 326.4 0.6 57.2 208.5 408.1 0.8 71.5 250.0 489.2 1.0 85.8 
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表 2 注入1.0 PV调剖剂后不同渗透率和聚合物质量浓度条件下的降黏损失率劈分结果
Table 2 Splitting results of viscosity loss rate under different permeability and polymer concentration conditions with profile control agents of 1.0 PV injected
渗透率/
D聚合物浓度/
（mg·L−1）损失率，% 黏度 剪切黏度 吸附滞留黏度 7.0 1 000 78.9 11.8 67.1 1 500 80.1 17.2 62.9 2 000 86.2 28.4 57.8 5.0 1 000 81.9 19.7 62.2 1 500 85.3 27.2 58.1 2 000 90.8 33.5 57.3 3.0 1 000 87.9 30.8 57.1 1 500 91.2 37.8 53.5 2 000 91.5 41.6 49.9 注：黏度损失率为注入1.0倍PV流体后填砂管出口端流体黏度与注入流体黏度相比降低的比例；剪切黏度损失率为注入2.0倍PV流体后填砂管出口端流体黏度与注入流体黏度相比降低的比例；吸附滞留黏度损失率为黏度损失率减去剪切黏度损失率。
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