Research on Suction Pile Well Construction Model for Deep Sea Resource Drilling
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摘要:
在深水油气、天然气水合物钻探过程中，建立井口是保证钻井作业安全和时效的关键。吸力桩建井作为一种新型建井模式是目前世界海洋工程领域的研究热点，研究吸力桩建井模式对提高深海建井技术创新和提升建井效率具有重要作用。吸力桩建井模式主要依靠负压作用来安装吸力桩，对土壤扰动小，能大幅度提高井口承载力，入泥深度相比传统建井模式大大减小；吸力桩还能够扩展容纳多个井口，结合井筒预斜设计可以克服软地层造斜难题。介绍了吸力桩建井的工艺流程，给出了吸力桩和井筒的设计方法，并利用南海某深水井场的土质参数设计了适用于该井场的吸力桩和井筒。设计计算结果表明，吸力桩建井模式能够很好地适应于该南海深水井场。研究表明，吸力桩建井模式为深海资源勘探开发建井提供了新的技术途径。
Abstract:In the process of drilling for oil, gas and hydrate in deep water, the establishment of wellhead is the key to the safety and timeliness of the entire drilling operation. As a new well construction model, suction pile well construction has become a research hotspot in global ocean engineering, and thus, research on this model is of great significance for boosting innovations in well construction technologies and improving deep sea well construction efficiency. The model mainly depends on negative pressure to install suction piles, which causes small perturbations to the soil and could greatly enhance the bearing capacity of the wellhead. Further, its mud depth was considerably reduced compared with that of the traditional well construction model. In addition, the suction pile could be extended to accommodate multiple wellheads, and the problem of soft formation deviation could be overcome in combination with the wellbore predeflection design. In this paper, the process flow of suction pile well construction was introduced, and the design methods for suction piles and wellbores were given. Moreover, the parameters of soil quality in a deep-water well site in the South China Sea were utilized to design suction piles and wellbores suitable for the well site. The design results indicated that the suction pile well construction model could be effectively adapted to the well site. The research suggests that this model provides a new way to construct wells for deep sea resource exploration and development.
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Keywords:
- deep sea /
- suction pile /
- well construction process /
- structure design /
- mud depth design
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图 6 不同外径吸力桩在不同入泥深度下的极限承载力
Figure 6. Ultimate bearing capacity of suction piles with different external diameters at different mud depth
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图 7 不同外径吸力桩在不同入泥深度下的抗倾覆力矩
Figure 7. Anti-overturning moment of suction piles with different external diameters at different mud depth
表 1 南海某深水井场土质参数
Table 1 Soil quality parameters of a deep water well site in the South China Sea
层号 土质描述 深度/m 水下容重/
（kN·m–3）抗剪强度/kPa 内摩擦角/（°） 承载力系数 下限 上限 Nq Nr 1 非常软的黏土 0 4.1 5.0 8.0 3 4.1 5.0 8.0 2 松散到中密实的砂质粉土 3 5.5 20 6.4 5.4 4 5.5 20 6.4 5.4 3 非常软到软的黏土 4 6.5 8.0 10.0 19 6.5 24.0 37.0 
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