Abstract: As countries around the world put forward their “dual carbon” targets (carbon peaking and carbon neutrality), the low-carbon transformation of the energy structure has become inevitable, and carbon emission reduction in traditional petroleum engineering operations has attracted the focus of oil companies both in China and abroad. The development strategies of large oil companies and oil service companies abroad for low-carbon transformation were summarized, and the up-to-date carbon emission reduction technologies in foreign petroleum engineering were introduced from the aspects of electrified equipment, downhole tools, downhole fluids, process technologies, and information technologies, etc. Then, the up-to-date status of operation management modes for carbon emission reduction in petroleum engineering abroad were discussed from the perspectives of geological-engineering integration and the “factory-like” drilling mode. China's emission reduction technologies and operation management modes in petroleum engineering have also made substantial progress, although they still have a long way to go compared with their international counterparts. For this reason, some enlightenments for the development of carbon emission reduction technologies in petroleum engineering in China were proposed on the basis of analyzing the up-to-date carbon emission reduction technologies and operation management in petroleum engineering abroad. Specifically, they are conducting solid top-level design for carbon emission reduction technologies in petroleum engineering, stepping up engineering technology innovation for carbon emission reduction, optimizing management modes in petroleum engineering, reinforcing policy support, and accelerating the construction of talent team for carbon emission reduction in petroleum engineering. The results have practical significance for promoting the development of carbon emission reduction technologies in petroleum engineering and accelerating the green and low-carbon transformation and high-quality development of the oil and gas industry in China.