“Casing in Casing” Mechanical Isolation Refracturing Technology in Fuling Shale Gas Wells
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摘要:
针对涪陵页岩气田采用暂堵转向重复压裂工艺时施工难度大、增产效果不理想的问题，在调研国外页岩气井重复压裂工艺的基础上，对比分析了暂堵转向重复压裂与机械封隔重复压裂技术的原理与特点，明确了机械封隔可完全封堵初次压裂射孔炮眼，精准控制重复压裂水力裂缝起裂，形成了“套中固套”机械封隔重复压裂技术。在涪陵页岩气田JYAHF井进行了“套中固套”机械封隔重复压裂技术试验，在内径为115.0 mm的井筒中下入ϕ88.9 mm套管固井，建立全新封闭井筒，并针对不同剩余储量分布采用不同的重复压裂工艺。原井筒改造程度较高的井段，以挖潜老缝间剩余资源为目标；初次改造效果差的井段，需要恢复老缝导流能力。JYAHF井试验该技术后，可采储量增加0.36×108 m3，采收率提高4.8%。研究结果表明，“套中固套”机械封隔重复压裂技术增产效果明显，可为国内页岩气田长期高效开发提供技术支撑。
Abstract:The application of temporary plugging and diverting refracturing in Fuling Shale Gas Field brought on technical difficulties accompanied by poor production increase. To solve this problem, this paper analyzed principles and characteristics of technologies used in shale gas wells abroad. They included temporary plugging and diverting refracturing, and mechanical isolation refracturing. What was found was that that mechanical isolation could completely block the perforations and precisely control fracture initiation of hydraulic refracturing. From that, the “casing in casing” mechanical isolation refracturing technology took shape. In Fuling Shale Gas Field, this technology was tested with a casing (outer diameter of 88.9 mm) inserted into the other one (inner diameter of 115.0 mm) where in a new and closed well casing was formed. In addition, refracturing technologies targeted for different residual oil distribution in the reservoir were developed through studies. In the original well casing, attention should be paid to exploring the residual oil among fractures in the stimulated well section. At the same time,emphasis should target the poorly stimulated sections, to see how to recover the flow conductivity of the fractures. After implementing that technology in Well JYAHF, the recoverable reserve for a single well increased by 0.36×108 m3, and the recovery efficiency increased by 4.8%. The study shows that the “casing in casing” mechanical isolation refracturing technology can significantly improve the result of stimulation and provide technical support for long-term and efficient shale gas field development in China.
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图 2 “套中固套”机械封隔重复压裂工艺
Figure 2. “Casing in casing” mechanical isolation refracturing technology
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图 3 JYAHF井不同生产时间的各簇产气剖面
Figure 3. Gas production profile of each cluster in Well JYAHF at different production stages
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图 4 JYAHF井调整前后压裂施工曲线
Figure 4. Fracturing curve of Well JYAHF before and after adjustment
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图 5 JYAHF井初次和重复压裂后弹性产率对比
Figure 5. Elastic yield comparison between initial fracturing and refracturing in Well JYAHF
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图 6 JYAHF井重复压裂裂缝延伸轨迹及压力场模拟结果
Figure 6. Simulation of fracture extension and pressure field of Well JYAHF after refracturing
表 1 JYAHF井重复压裂施工参数
Table 1 Refracturing parameters of Well JYAHF
压裂段 施工压力/
MPa施工排量/
（m3·min−1）用液强度/
（m3·m−1）加砂强度/
（m3·m−1）暂堵剂
用量/kg3～12 45～82 6～10 28.6～34.8 1.6～2.0 25～250 13～21 46～77 9～12 18.3～23.4 1.4～1.8 
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