Drilling Technologies for Horizontal Wells with Ultra-Long Horizontal Section and Slim Hole in Changqing Oilfield
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摘要: 针对长庆油田小井眼超长水平段水平井钻井施工中井眼轨迹控制困难、储层钻遇率低、机械钻速低、井壁易垮塌和易发生井漏等问题，分析了钻井技术难点，研究了旋转导向智能井眼轨迹控制技术、近钻头方位伽马成像技术和工程参数监测技术，进行了钻头选型优化，并研究应用纳米成膜封堵水基钻井液技术，形成了长庆油田小井眼超长水平段水平井钻井技术，能够精准控制井眼轨迹、提高储层钻遇率、保障井下安全和提高机械钻速。长庆油田桃XX井应用旋转导向技术及相关配套技术，安全高效地完成了水平段长4466 m、井深8008 m的钻井施工，储层钻遇率高达96.6%，创造了长庆油田井深最深、亚太区陆地水平段最长的纪录。研究结果表明，长庆油田小井眼超长水平段水平井钻井技术的现场应用效果良好，具有较好的推广应用价值。Abstract: Technical issues such as difficult wellbore trajectory control, low rate of drilling in formation, low ROP (rate of penetration), wellbore collapse, and circulation loss are easily encountered in the drilling of horizontal wells with ultra-long horizontal section and slim hole in Changqing Oilfield. In light of this, difficulties in drilling technologies were analyzed in this study and some key technologies were investigated, including intelligent wellbore trajectory control based on rotary steering, near-bit azimuthal gamma imaging, and engineering parameter monitoring. Moreover, bit selection was optimized and the application of sealing water-base drilling fluid by a formed nanometer film was studied. As a result, drilling technologies for horizontal wells with ultra-long horizontal section and slim hole in Changqing Oilfield were developed, which can enable accurate wellbore trajectory control, drilling ratio increase and ROP enhancement, and can ensure downhole safety. The rotary steering technology and related supporting technologies were applied to Well Tao XX in Changqing Oilfield, and drilling was completed safely and efficiently in a 4 466 m horizontal section at a depth of 8 008 m, with the drilling ratio of 96.6%. This created a new drilling record as the deepest well in Changqing Oilfield and the longest horizontal section on land in the Asia-Pacific region. Considering the good field application effect, the drilling technologies for horizontal wells with ultra-long horizontal section and slim hole in Changqing Oilfield are worthy of wide application.
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