Research and Application of Prolonged-Effect Acidizing Technology for Water Injection Wells in the Bohai Oilfield
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摘要: 针对渤海油田注水井重复酸化效果逐渐变差的问题，进行了注水井延效酸化技术研究。采用3种低浓度深部缓速酸进行协同增效，加强酸液的储层保护性能，并加入防膨剂和表面活性剂，配制了延效酸；在温度60 ℃条件下，测试了延效酸对现场垢样、钙蒙脱石和二氧化硅的溶蚀效果，抑制注入水结垢性能、洗油性能、缓速和总溶蚀性能，以及动态驱替延效性能。试验得出：延效酸对钙蒙脱石和现场垢样的溶蚀率分别可达45.23%和86.08%，对二氧化硅的溶蚀率仅0.22%；抑制结垢能力强；酸液表面张力12.77 mN/m；延效酸与岩粉分别反应2，4和6 h后溶蚀率可达9.39%、13.64%和24.54%；动态驱替酸化后注入20倍孔隙体积的水，渗透率增大倍数仍然稳定在1.8～1.9倍。注水井延效酸化技术在渤海油田应用14井次，应用效果显著。研究表明，延效酸具有综合解堵效果好、保护骨架、缓速性好、总溶蚀率高和延效性好等优点，具有推广应用价值。Abstract: In response to the deteriorating reacidizing of water injection wells in the Bohai Oilfield, a study on the prolonged-effect acidizing technology for water injection wells was carried out. The prolonged-effect acid was prepared by adding an anti-swelling agent and surfactant to three kinds of deep retarded acid in low concentrations that enhanced the reservoir protection capability of acid. At 60 ℃, the as-prepared acid was tested with respect to its dissolution on field scale samples, calcium montmorillonite, and silica, its scaling inhibition of injected water, oil-washing performance, retardation, total dissolution performance, and prolonged effect with dynamic displacement. The results showed that the dissolution rate of the prolonged-effect acid on the calcium montmorillonite and scale samples could reach 45.23% and 86.08% respectively, while that on silica was only 0.22%. The acid had strong inhibition of scaling and a surface tension of 12.77 mN/m. Its dissolution rate on rock powder could reach 9.39%, 13.64%, and 24.54% after 2, 4, and 6 h, respectively. And after dynamic displacement, the increase in the permeability after the injection of water 20 times the pore volume remained at 1.8–1.9 times. The proposed technology was applied to 14 wells in the Bohai Oilfield, achieving good results. The results showed that the prolonged-effect acid, with a high total dissolution rate, performed well in unblocking the water injection wells, protecting the framework, retarding the reaction of acid and rock and prolonging effect, which makes it worthy of wide application.
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Keywords:
- reacidizing /
- prolonged effect /
- valid period /
- water injection well /
- Bohai Oilfield
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图 1 几种酸液的缓速溶蚀静态评价试验结果
Figure 1. Static evaluation results for retarded dissolution of different acids
表 1 现场垢样、钙蒙脱石和二氧化硅静态溶蚀试验结果
Table 1 Static dissolution results for the field scale samples, calcium montmorillonite, and silica
试样 反应前质量/g 反应后质量/g 溶蚀率，% 现场垢样 10.439 1.453 86.08 10.088 1.314 86.97 钙蒙脱石 5.003 2.740 45.23 二氧化硅 5.001 4.990 0.22 
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表 2 酸液延效动态驱替评价试验结果
Table 2 Results for dynamic displacement evaluation of prolonged-effect acid
岩心 酸液 酸化前
渗透率/mD酸化后与酸化前渗透率比值 注入10倍孔隙体积水 注入20倍孔隙体积水 1# 延效酸 58 1.9 1.9 2# 延效酸 54 1.7 1.8 3# 常规酸 55 1.3 1.1 4# 常规酸 7 1.1 0.7
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表 3 渤海油田注水井延效酸化技术应用数据
Table 3 Application of prolonged-effect acidizing technology to water injection wells in the Bohai Oilfield
井号 注入压力/MPa 注入量/（m3·d–1） 视吸水指数增大倍数 增注量/m3 有效期/d 酸化前 酸化后 酸化前 酸化后 S-D15 10.0 9.1 141 515 4.0 36 655 150 B-A7 11.0 8.5 501 805 2.1 39 149 142 B-A20 11.7 5.5 254 521 4.4 138 038 567 B-C13 9.3 6.0 509 530 1.6 59 003 322 K-A14 8.9 2.5 370 541 5.2 88 859 581 S-C41 9.9 0.9 334 594 19.6 201 289 673 B-A4 9.0 5.0 43 509 21.3 96 404 228 P-D50 6.0 5.9 350 576 1.7 5 475 40 Q-P1 11.0 3.0 254 377 5.4 125 659 346 B-A4-2 9.0 3.0 306 520 5.1 35 099 273 K-A19 11.0 5.5 251 254 2.0 15 487 258 K-A20 12.6 6.0 504 557 2.3 11 592 118 K-A9 12.0 4.2 466 477 2.9 10 842 211 K-A8 10.0 4.0 720 603 2.1 2 480 164 平均 3.2 61 859 288
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表 4 B-C13井3次酸化效果对比
Table 4 Comparison among three applications of acidizing in Well B-C13
酸化次序 酸液 酸液用量/ m3 注入压力/MPa 注入量/（m3·d–1） 有效期/d 酸化前 酸化后 酸化前 酸化后 1 多氢酸 65 9.8 0 164 528 63 2 氟硼酸 60 11.4 9.8 268 450 62 3 延效酸 28 9.3 6.0 509 503 322
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