The Evaluation and Application of Lost Circulation Control by Elastic Mesh Materials
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摘要: 现有常规桥浆堵漏材料存在裂缝适应性不强、封堵层浅和堵漏成功率较低等问题。为此，优选了不同规格弹性孔网材料，进行了压缩回弹性、抗拉强度和抗温性等性能评价试验，优选了综合性能最佳的弹性孔网材料，并考察了弹性孔网材料尺寸、形状和加量对堵漏效果的影响。试验结果表明，1#弹性孔网材料的50%压缩永久变形率低于10%，抗拉强度为150 kPa，抗温能力达150 ℃，适合用作堵漏材料；正方体形弹性孔网材料可滞留在裂缝内，堵漏效果较好，尺寸为5.0 mm×5.0 mm×5.0 mm的弹性孔网材料对尺寸为5.0 mm×4.0 mm的楔形缝封堵效果最优；弹性孔网材料加量为0.08%时的堵漏效果最好。弹性孔网材料在多口井进行了现场堵漏，一次堵漏成功率达86.7%。研究表明，弹性孔网材料对裂缝性地层具有较好的适应性和堵漏效果，能够解决地层漏失问题。Abstract: The existing conventional bridge slurry plugging materials have problems such as weak fracture adaptability, shallow plugging layer and low plugging success rate. For this reason, different specifications of elastic mesh materials were selected for evaluation tests of compressive resilience, tensile strength and temperature resistance, and the one with the optimal performance was identified. In addition, we investigated the influence of sizes, shapes and concentrations of the elastic mesh material on plugging efficacy. Experimental results indicate that elastic mesh material marked No.1 is suitable for plugging, due to its low permanent compressive rate of 10% at 50% of its compressive strength, high tensile strength of 150 kPa and high temperature resistance of 150 °C. The cubic elastic mesh material can remain in fractures, and thus presents excellent performance in plugging. The elastic mesh material in the size of 5.0 mm×5.0 mm×5.0 mm has the best plugging performance in wedge-shaped fracture in the size of 5.0 mm × 4.0 mm. In addition, the optimal concentration of the elastic mesh material is 0.08%, and the success rate of one-time plugging has reached 86.7% after the elastic mesh material has been applied in multiple wells. The research demonstrated that the elastic mesh material has good adaptability and plugging effect for fractured formations, and can solve the problem of lost circulation.
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图 1 弹性孔网材料50%压缩永久变形率评价试验结果
Figure 1. 50% compression set rate evaluation results of elastic mesh materials
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图 3 弹性孔网材料经150 ℃老化后的质量保留率
Figure 3. Quality retention rates of elastic mesh materials at 150 °C after aging
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图 4 弹性孔网材料经150 ℃老化后的抗拉强度保持率
Figure 4. Tensile strength retention rates of elastic mesh materials at 150 °C after aging
表 1 不同类型弹性孔网材料的泡孔规格
Table 1 Specifications of different elastic mesh materials
编号 弹性孔网类型 泡孔规格/目 1# 阻燃型 12 2# 阻燃型 6 3# 阻燃型 4 4# 阻燃型 2 5# 过滤型 8 6# 过滤型 6 7# 过滤型 2 8# 过滤型 10 9# 过滤型 4 
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表 2 不同形状弹性孔网材料楔形长裂缝封堵试验结果
Table 2 Long wedge-shaped fractures plugged with elastic mesh materials in different shapes
堵漏浆配方 漏失速率/（L·s–1） 封堵情况 堵漏基浆 0.50 堵漏基浆+0.08%正方体形弹性孔网材料 0.06 滞留在裂缝中 堵漏基浆+0.08%长方体形弹性孔网材料 0.40 随堵漏浆漏失 堵漏基浆+0.08%三棱柱形弹性孔网材料 0.20 少量滞留在裂缝中
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表 3 不同尺寸弹性孔网材料封堵楔形长裂缝试验结果
Table 3 Long wedge-shaped fractures plugged with elastic mesh materials in different sizes
堵漏浆配方 漏失速率/（L·s–1） 封堵情况 堵漏基浆 0.50 堵漏基浆+0.08% 弹性孔网
材料（15.0 mm×15.0 mm×15.0 mm）0.40 封堵缝口 堵漏基浆+0.08% 弹性孔网
材料（10.0 mm×10.0 mm×10.0 mm）0.10 进入裂缝浅 堵漏基浆+0.08%弹性孔网
材料（5.0 mm×5.0 mm×5.0 mm）0.06 进入裂缝深
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表 4 不同加量弹性孔网材料的长裂缝封堵试验结果
Table 4 Long fractures plugged with elastic mesh materials in different concentrations
堵漏浆配方 漏失速率/（L·s–1） 封堵情况 堵漏基浆 0.50 堵漏基浆+0.04% 弹性孔网材料 0.30 进入裂缝中 堵漏基浆+0.08% 弹性孔网材料 0.06 进入裂缝中 堵漏基浆+0.12% 弹性孔网材料 0.20 封堵缝口
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