Analysis and Optimization of Construction Parameters for Preventing Casing Deformation in the Changning Shale Gas Block, Sichuan Basin
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摘要: 为解决四川盆地长宁页岩气区块的套管变形问题，进行了套管变形井施工参数优化分析。基于统计数据，对该区块施工参数优化现状进行了分析；基于三维地震、测井资料及测试数据，建立了该区块H平台裂缝和地应力模型；基于摩尔–库仑临界应力和物质守恒准则，进行了水力压裂数值模拟；根据滑动风险的分类，分析了压裂施工参数和裂缝带激活的关系。由统计分析可知：只采取减液量措施，裂缝带套管变形比例为21.7%；只采取减排量措施，裂缝带套管变形比例为8.1%。通过压裂模拟可知：对于高滑动风险断层，当液量减小20%时，断层激活长度和裂缝激活数分别减小17%和26%，当排量减小20%时，断层激活长度和裂缝激活数分别减小3%和6%；对于中滑动风险断层，当液量减小20%时，断层激活长度和裂缝激活数分别减小22%和30%，当排量减小20%时，断层激活长度和裂缝激活数分别减小43%和60%。研究结果表明，“高滑动风险断层减液量，中滑动风险断层减排量”的压裂施工参数优化建议，可供现场解决套管变形问题时参考。Abstract: In order to solve the problem of casing deformation in the Changning shale gas block in the Sichuan Basin, the construction parameters of wells with deformed casing were analyzed and optimized. The fracture and in-situ stress model of the platform H were established based on 3D seismic data, logging and test data. The hydraulic fracturing numerical simulation was conducted based on the Mohr-Coulomb critical stress and mass conservation law. Based on the classification of slip risk, the relationship between the construction parameters for fracturing and activation of fracture zones was analyzed. The statistics and analysis results showed that when only fluid volume reduction measures were taken, the casing deformation ratio in fractured zones was 21.7%. When only the flowrate reduction measures were taken, the casing deformation ratio was 8.1%. It can been seen from fracturing simulation that, for those faults with high slip risk, when the fluid volume is reduced by 20%, the length of activated fault and the number of activated fractures are decreased by 17% and 26%, respectively. When the flowrate is reduced by 20%, the length of activated fault and the number of activated fractures are reduced by 3% and 6%, respectively. For those faults with medium slip risk, when the fluid volume is reduced by 20%, the length of activated fault and the number of activated fractures are decreased by 22% and 30% respectively. When the flowrate is reduced by 20%, the length of activated fault and the number of activated fractures are decreased by 43% and 60%, respectively. The research results showed a suggestion on construction parameters that reducing fluid volume for high slip risk faults and reducing flowrate for medium slip risk faults. This could provide a reference for solving casing deformation problem on site.
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图 1 宁209井区施工参数及套管变形情况统计结果
Figure 1. Statistics on construction parameters and casing deformation in Ning 209 well area
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图 2 H平台微地震解释的小断层
Figure 2. Small faults of platform H interpreted by microseismicmethod
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图 7 H-1井第4段和H-2井第27段压裂模拟微地震与现场微地震对比
Figure 7. Comparison of the simulated microseism and field microseism of fracturing in section 4 of Well H-1 and fracturing in section 27 of Well H-2
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图 8 H-1井第4段压裂的模拟与现场施工压力对比
Figure 8. Comparison of the simulated and field construction pressure of fracturing in section 4 of Well H-1
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图 9 H-2井第27段压裂的模拟与现场施工压力对比
Figure 9. Comparison of the simulated and field construction pressure for fracturing in section 27 of Well H-2
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图 13 高滑动风险断层排量不变、减小泵入液量时的断层激活情况
Figure 13. Fault activation status when flowrate is constant and the pumping fluid volume is reduced in the fault with high slip risk
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图 14 高滑动风险断层液量不变、减小泵入排量时的断 层激活情况
Figure 14. Fault activation status when the fluid volume is constant and pumping flowrateis reduced in the fault with high slip risk
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图 15 高滑动风险断层激活长度和裂缝激活数的敏感性
Figure 15. Sensitivity of the length of activated fault with high slip risk and the number of activated fractures
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图 16 中滑动风险断层排量不变、减小泵入液量时的断 层激活情况
Figure 16. Fault activation status when flowrate is constant and the pumping fluid volume is reduced in the fault with medium slip risk
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图 17 中滑动风险断层液量不变、减小泵入排量时的断层激活情况
Figure 17. Fault activation status when fluid volume is constant and the pump flowrate is reduced in the fault with medium slip risk
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图 18 中滑动风险断层激活长度和裂缝激活数的敏感性
Figure 18. Sensitivity of the length of activated fault with medium slip risk and the number of activated fractures
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