Research and Application of Tough Cement Slurry Systems with Multi-Scale Fiber
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摘要: 针对油井水泥石脆性大、抗拉强度低、抗冲击和抗破裂性能差等问题，优选了3种不同尺度的无机纤维，并通过正交试验进行复配，形成了多尺度纤维增韧剂BCE-230S。考察了BCE-230S加量对水泥浆性能及对应水泥石力学性能的影响，确定了其最佳加量，形成了多尺度纤维韧性水泥浆体系。性能评价试验结果显示，与普通水泥石相比，多尺度纤维韧性水泥石的劈裂抗拉强度、抗压强度及抗冲击功显著提高，杨氏模量显著下降，且水泥浆性能良好。多尺度纤维韧性水泥浆体系在冀东油田低渗透油藏应用了10余井次，2个胶结面的胶结质量较邻井显著提高，后期压裂顺利，试油未见层间窜流。研究结果表明，多尺度纤维韧性水泥浆体系能够解决油井水泥石易脆裂的问题，可以保障井筒密封完整性和固井长期封固质量，具有广泛的应用前景。Abstract: To solve the problems of high brittleness, low tensile strength, poor impact resistance and fracture resistance of the cement stone in oil wells, a multi-scale fiber toughener BCE-230S was formed by selecting inorganic fibers in three different scales and conducting orthogonal tests for compound. In addition, the effects of the dosage of BCE-230S on the construction performance of cement slurry and the mechanical properties of cement were investigated, the optimal dosage was determined, by which a tough cement slurry system with multi-scale fiber was formed. The results showed that the splitting tensile strength, compressive strength and impact resistance of the cement stone were significantly improved when compared with common cement.Young’s modulus decreased significantly and the construction performance was ideal. The tough cement slurry system with multi-scale fiber was applied in the low permeability reservoir in the Jidong Oilfield for more than 10 times in the well, and the cementing quality of the two cementing surfaces was measurably improved compared with that of adjacent wells. Fracturing in later stage was successful, and no fluid channeling was observed during well testing. The results indicated that the tough cement slurry system with multi-scale fiber can effectively solve the problem of brittleness of cement stone in oil well, so as to ensure the integrity of the wellbore and the long-term cementing quality, with a potential for wide application.
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Keywords:
- low permeability reservoir /
- cementing /
- multi-scale fiber /
- toughener /
- cement slurry /
- mechanical property
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图 1 BCE-230S加量为5.0%时的水泥浆稠化曲线
Figure 1. Cement slurry thickening curve when the BCE-230Sdosage is 5.0%
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图 2 BCE-230S加量对水泥石抗拉强度的影响
Figure 2. Effect of BCE-230S dosage on the tensile strength of cement
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图 3 BCE-230S加量对水泥石抗冲击功的影响
Figure 3. Effect of BCE-230S dosage on the impact resistance of cement
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图 4 BCE-230S加量对水泥石抗压强度的影响
Figure 4. Effect of BCE-230S dosage on the compressive strength of cement
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图 5 BCE-230S加量对水泥石杨氏模量的影响
Figure 5. The effect of BCE-230S dosage on Young’s modulus of cement
表 1 无机纤维的基本物性参数
Table 1 Basic parameters of inorganic fibers
纤维种类 级别 主要成分 长度/μm 直径/μm 密度/（g∙cm–3） 拉伸强度/GPa 拉伸模量/GPa 纤维A 纳米级 碳化硅、氧化铁 50～100 0.1～0.6 3.21 10.0 550 纤维B 微米级 氧化硅、氧化钙 20～90 1.0～5.0 2.80 20.0 180 纤维C 毫米级 氧化镁、氧化铝 2 000～3 000 7.0～30.0 2.80 3.5 100 
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表 2 3种纤维对水泥石力学性能的影响
Table 2 Effects of three kinds of fibers on mechanical properties of cement
纤维种类 最佳加
量，%抗拉强度
提高程度，%抗冲击功
提高程度，%抗压强度
提高程度，%杨氏模量
下降程度，%抗压强度/杨氏模量
提高程度，%纤维A 1.0 11.71 20.47 7.14 8.71 17.28 纤维B 5.0 17.14 17.29 2.06 16.90 22.87 纤维C 1.0 24.76 20.51 4.28 10.83 16.87
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表 3 正交试验设计方案及结果
Table 3 Design scheme and results of the orthogonal test
序号 纤维A加量，% 纤维B加量，% 纤维C加量，% 抗拉强
度提高
程度，%抗冲击
功提高
程度，%抗压强度/杨氏模量提高程度，% 1 0.5 4.5 0.5 15.51 19.33 14.23 2 0.5 5.0 1.0 22.35 22.46 21.21 3 0.5 5.5 1.5 17.55 24.16 18.36 4 1.0 4.5 1.0 21.07 22.36 19.21 5 1.0 5.0 1.5 15.55 24.27 21.49 6 1.0 5.5 0.5 13.17 19.78 18.16 7 1.5 4.5 1.5 14.22 23.65 17.15 8 1.5 5.0 0.5 13.29 19.26 20.44 9 1.5 5.5 1.0 23.16 22.21 19.11
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表 4 抗拉强度极差分析
Table 4 Range analysis of tensile strength
因素 抗拉强度提高程度，% 极差R 最优方案 K1 K2 K3 纤维A 18.47 16.60 16.89 1.87 A1 纤维B 16.93 17.06 17.96 1.03 B3 纤维C 13.99 22.19 15.77 8.20 C2
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表 6 抗压强度/杨氏模量极差分析
Table 6 Range analysis of compressive strength/Young’s modulus
因素 抗压强度/杨氏模量提高程度，% 极差R 最优方案 K1 K2 K3 纤维A 17.93 19.62 18.90 1.69 A2 纤维B 16.86 21.05 18.54 4.18 B2 纤维C 17.61 19.84 19.00 2.23 C2
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表 5 抗冲击功极差分析
Table 5 Range analysis of impact resistance
因素 抗冲击功提高程度，% 极差R 最优方案 K1 K2 K3 纤维A 21.98 22.14 21.71 0.43 A2 纤维B 21.78 22.00 22.05 0.27 B3 纤维C 19.46 22.34 24.03 4.57 C3
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表 7 不同配比方案下的水泥石力学性能试验结果
Table 7 Experimental results of mechanical properties of cement with different proportion schemes
配比方案 纤维配比 抗拉强度提高程度，% 抗冲击功提高程度，% 抗压强度/杨氏模量提高程度，% 1 纤维A∶纤维B∶纤维C=1∶11∶2 24.33 19.77 19.23 2 纤维A∶纤维B∶纤维C=2∶11∶3 18.39 23.37 17.05 3 纤维A∶纤维B∶纤维C=1∶5∶1 23.17 22.57 22.71
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表 8 BCE-230S加量对水泥浆流变性能的影响
Table 8 Effect of BCE-230S dosage on rheological properties of cement slurry
BCE-230S加量，% 六速旋转黏度计读数 ϕ3 ϕ6 ϕ100 ϕ200 ϕ300 0 3 5 58 105 148 3.0 5 8 63 121 182 5.0 7 13 92 151 209 7.0 7 13 129 216 290
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表 9 BCE-230S加量对水泥浆滤失量及稠化性能的影响
Table 9 Effect of BCE-230S dosage on fluid loss and the thickening properties of cement slurry
BCE-230S加量，% 稠化时间/min API滤失量/mL 0 175 46 3.0 176 44 5.0 167 46 7.0 173 44
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