A Study on the Logging-Based Identification Method for Reservoir Fluid Properties of the Yan’an Formation in the Huanxi–Pengyang
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摘要: 针对鄂尔多斯盆地环西—彭阳地区延安组储层流体性质识别困难的问题，从测井、录井常规解释难点入手，引入SPSS软件中的Fisher判别方法，利用大数据理念，对测录井资料进行了深度挖掘。从判识率与分离度2方面考虑，筛选出15项对储层流体性质敏感的参数，进行Fisher非标准化判别函数分类识别，流体识别准确率可达92.8%。选用2个贡献率较大的函数F1和F2进行交会，建立了解释图版，图版返判率为89%。利用解释图版对环西—彭阳地区9口井10个储层进行了流体识别评价，符合率达80%，且未遗漏有价值的储层。应用结果表明，Fisher判别方法适用于类似油藏的储层流体性质识别，流体识别准确率高，具有推广价值。
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关键词:
- 测录井参数 /
- Fisher判别方法 /
- 储层流体性质 /
- 环西—彭阳地区 /
- 延安组
Abstract: In view of the difficulty in identifying the reservoir fluid properties of the Yan’an Formation in the Huanxi–Pengyang Area, beginning with the conventional interpretation difficulties of logging and mud logging, the Fisher discrimination method in SPSS software was introduced, with the concept of Big Data, the logging/mud logging parameters were deeply mined. Considering the recognition rate and separation degree, 15 parameters of reservoir fluid sensitivity were selected to identify the classification of Fisher non-standardized discriminant function, and the accuracy of fluid identification could reach 92.8%. Functions F1 and F2 were selected for their large contribution rate and intersected to plot the interpretation chart, and the identification rate of the chart was 89%. The interpretation chart was applied in the fluids interpretation and evaluation of 10 layers in 9 wells of Huanxi–Pengyang Area with a coincidence rate of 80%, and no valuable layers were missed. The application results showed that the Fisher discriminant method is suitable for high accurate identification of reservoir fluid properties in similar reservoirs, and it is worthy of wide adoption. -
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图 2 地层水Cl－质量浓度与电阻率的关系
Figure 2. Relationship between mass concentration of chloride ion in formation water and resistivity
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图 3 电阻率与声波时差解释图版
Figure 3. Interpretation chart of resistivity and interval tran-sit time
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图 4 电阻率与补偿中子解释图版
Figure 4. Interpretation chart of resistivity and compensated neutron
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图 5 电阻率差异与储层流体性质的关系
Figure 5. Relationship between resistivity difference and reservoir fluid properties
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图 6 电阻率变化与储层流体性质的关系
Figure 6. Relationship between resistivity variation and reservoir fluid properties
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图 7 通过测井资料计算的含油饱和度与泥质含量解释图版
Figure 7. Interpretation chart of oil saturation and shale content calculated with logging data
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图 8 荧光直照色与储层流体性质的关系
Figure 8. Relationship between direct fluorescence color and reservoir fluid properties
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图 9 荧光系列对比级别与储层流体性质的关系
Figure 9. Relationship between fluorescence series contrast level and reservoir fluid properties
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图 10 荧光含油面积与储层流体性质的关系
Figure 10. Relationship between fluorescence oil-bearing area and reservoir fluid properties
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图 11 气测最大全烃含量与气测湿度比的图版
Figure 11. Chart of maximum total hydrocarbon content and gas logging humidity ratio
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图 12 气测峰基比与充注系数的图版
Figure 12. Chart of gas logging peak-to-base value and filling coefficient
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图 13 SPSS软件流体分类Fisher判别图
Figure 13. Fisher discrimination diagram of fluid classification by SPSS software
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图 14 Fisher判别方法流体性质解释图版
Figure 14. Interpretation chart of fluid properties by Fisher discriminant method
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图 15 环西—彭阳地区延安组综合解释验证图版
Figure 15. Comprehensive interpretation and verification chart of Yan’an Formation in Huanxi-Pengyang Area
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图 18 X42井和X20井综合解释图版
Figure 18. Comprehensive interpretation chart of Well X42 and Well X20
表 1 不同类型储层流体分类函数系数及常量
Table 1 Coefficient and constant of classification function for different types of reservoir fluids
序号 参数 判别函数的系数 名称 符号 F1 F2 F3 1 电阻率 X1 –0.002 0.006 0.009 2 声波时差 X2 0 –0.059 0.027 3 补偿中子 X3 0.044 0.226 –0.187 4 泥质含量 X4 0.019 –0.087 –0.051 5 是否取心 X5 0.364 –0.144 1.023 6 最大全烃含量 X6 –0.336 –0.666 –0.754 7 平均全烃含量 X7 0.501 1.231 1.538 8 湿度比 X8 0.839 0.145 –0.004 9 荧光直照色 X9 –0.013 –0.083 –0.050 10 含油面积 X10 0.327 –0.003 –0.121 11 荧光系列对比级别 X11 –0.110 0.634 –0.134 12 充注系数 X12 2.264 –0.463 –1.768 13 电阻率差异 X13 0.336 1.277 –0.419 14 电阻率变化 X14 0.202 –0.604 0.125 15 含油饱和度 X15 0.055 –0.088 0.028 常量 –5.131 9.880 –2.691 注：判别函数F1、F2和F3等于各参数值与对应系数乘积之和再加上常量，如F1=–0.002X1+0.044X3+0.019X4+0.364X5–0.336X6+0.501X7+0.839X8–0.013X9+0.327X10–0.110X11+2.264X12+0.336X13+0.202X14+0.055X15–5.131。 
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表 2 Fisher分类及流体性质判别符合情况
Table 2 Conformity of Fisher classification and fluid properties identification
预测
分类油层 油水同层 含油水层 水层 层数 占比，
%层数 占比，
%层数 占比，
%层数 占比，
%油层 17 80.95 0 0 0 0 1 1.92 油水
同层1 4.76 7 87.50 0 0 0 0 含油
水层1 4.76 0 0 2 100 0 0 水层 2 9.53 1 12.50 0 0 51 98.08 合计 21 100 8 100 2 100 52 100
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表 3 Fisher判别函数特征值与方差贡献率
Table 3 Eigenvalue and variance contribution rate of Fisher discriminant function
函数 特征值 方差贡献率，% F1 1.186 65.5 F2 0.452 25.0 F3 0.171 9.5
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表 4 环西—彭阳地区延安组综合解释图版验证结果
Table 4 Verification results of comprehensive interpretation chart of Yan’an Formation in Huanxi-Pengyang area
井号 层位 电阻率/
(Ω·m)声波
时差/
(μm·s–1)补偿中
子，%泥质含
量，%气测全烃
含量，%含油饱和度，% 是否
取心湿度
比荧光直
照色含油面
积，%系列对
比级别充注
系数电阻率
差异电阻率
变化F1 F2 试油
结果解释
结果符合
情况最大 平均 X34 延7 19.01 231.28 18.63 17.54 6.66 2.85 54.23 是 0.42 黄 10～15 10 0.9 负 平稳 0.42 –2.36 油层 油水同层 否 X35 延7 8.65 241.96 17.49 12.00 0.56 0.48 46.60 否 0.69 黄白 5～10 9 0.3 负 平稳 –0.96 –1.01 水层 水层 是 X42 延9 5.81 234.37 12.70 6.56 7.32 6.48 45.54 否 0.52 黄 8～14 9 1.0 负 降低 0.95 1.87 水层 含油水层 否 A75 延7 6.26 246.88 15.24 9.90 2.09 1.71 39.28 否 0.16 0 7 0.3 负 平稳 –1.95 –1.85 水层 水层 是 A75 延10 6.63 228.87 11.87 10.04 5.43 4.29 31.53 是 0.33 黄 15～20 10 0.3 负 升高 –1.02 1.08 水层 水层 是 Y187 延10 6.86 231.28 17.23 3.95 1.63 1.49 48.73 是 0.59 黄 5～10 9 0.3 负 升高 –0.41 –0.35 水层 水层 是 B72 延10 7.16 244.99 21.00 6.91 0.69 0.53 29.37 否 0.31 黄白 1～2 7 0.3 负 降低 –2.49 0.81 水层 水层 是 Y138 延10 3.49 243.67 14.73 5.04 0.51 0.37 26.38 是 0.44 黄白 2～3 7 0.7 负 降低 –1.61 –0.51 水层 水层 是 M191 延10 6.42 224.27 12.90 3.32 0.82 0.52 43.35 是 0.48 黄 5～20 10 0.5 负 升高 –0.54 –0.51 水层 水层 是 A54 延3 19.79 251.71 18.63 18.72 0.13 0.11 39.51 否 0.11 黄白 1～2 7 1.0 无 升高 0.29 –2.39 油水同层 油水同层 是
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表 5 X42井与X20井参数对比
Table 5 Comparison of parameters of Well H42 and Well H20
井号 电阻率/
（Ω·m）声波时差/
（μm·s–1）补偿中
子，%泥质含
量，%含油饱
和度，%最大全烃
含量，%平均全烃
含量，%湿度
比系列对
比级别充注
系数含油面
积，%是否
取心荧光直
照色电阻率
差异电阻率
变化F1 F2 X42 5.81 234.37 12.70 6.56 45.54 7.32 6.48 0.52 9 1.0 5～10 否 黄色 负 降低 0.63 1.88 X20 5.74 243.84 13.39 12.60 50.46 8.09 6.72 0.59 9 1.0 5～10 否 暗黄色 负 降低 0.95 0.22
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