满深1井奥陶系桑塔木组高性能防塌水基钻井液技术

于得水; 徐泓; 吴修振; 陈迎伟; 徐金永

doi:10.11911/syztjs.2020070

满深1井奥陶系桑塔木组高性能防塌水基钻井液技术

1.
中石化中原石油工程有限公司塔里木分公司，新疆库尔勒 841000
2.
中石化中原石油工程有限公司，河南濮阳 457001

详细信息

作者简介:
于得水（1973—），男，山东临朐人，1995年毕业于江汉石油学院应用化学专业，工程师，主要从事现场钻井液技术工作。E-mail：840296203@qq.com

中图分类号: TE254
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出版历程
- 收稿日期: 2020-05-04
- 修回日期: 2020-06-28
- 网络出版日期: 2020-07-13
- 刊出日期: 2020-09-24

High Performance Anti-Sloughing Water Based Drilling Fluid Technology for Well Manshen 1 in the Ordovician Sangtamu Formation

1.
Tarim Branch, Sinopec Zhongyuan Oilfield Service Corporation, Korla, Xinjiang, 841000, China
2.
Sinopec Zhongyuan Oilfield Service Corporation, Puyang, Henan, 457001, China

摘要

摘要: 满深1断裂带奥陶系桑塔木组为泥岩、泥灰岩地层，裂缝发育，井壁坍塌风险极高，给安全钻井带来了极大挑战。满深1井钻进至井深7 392.54 m（桑塔木组）时钻遇走滑断裂带，发生坍塌卡钻，处理难度大，最终选择回填侧钻。为此，分析了桑塔木组地层特点，研究应用了高性能防塌水基钻井液技术：选择合理的钻井液密度，强化对井壁的力学支撑，并采用复合降滤失措施降低水敏性泥岩地层的水化；在引入多氨基井壁抑制剂的同时，提高K⁺质量浓度，实现多元抑制防塌；提高钻井液的抗温能力、润滑性能及封堵性能，以满足桑塔木组对抑制、封堵防塌及抗高温稳定性的要求。现场应用表明，该井侧钻过程中钻井液性能稳定，K⁺质量浓度保持在35 000 mg/L左右，150 ℃温度下的高压滤失量由11.3 mL降至8.0 mL，桑塔木组钻进过程中未发生井眼失稳情况，顺利钻至三开中完井深，套管一次下到设计位置。这表明，高性能防塌水基钻井液防塌效果显著，达到了预期目标。
- 奥陶系 /
- 桑塔木组 /
- 井眼失稳 /
- 防塌钻井液 /
- 水基钻井液 /
- 满深1井
Abstract: The lithology of Ordovician Sangtamu Formation in Manshen 1 fault zone is composed of mudstone and marl with well developed fractures and high risk of wellbore collapse, which brings great challenges to safe drilling. When Well Manshen 1 was drilled to the depth of 7 392.54 m (Sangtamu Formation), a strike slip fault zone was encountered, resulting in well collapse and sticking of drill tools, which was difficult to deal with. Backfill sidetracking was thus implemented. To solve this, the formation characteristics of Sangtamu Formation were analyzed, and the high-performance anti-sloughing water based drilling fluid technology was developed. Reasonable drilling fluid density was selected to mechanically support the borehole wall, compound fluid loss control measures were adopted to reduce the damage caused by filtrate on the water sensitive mudstone formation, and multi-amino borehole wall inhibitors was introduced while increasing K⁺ content to achieve a multiple anti-sloughing effect. At the same time, the temperature resistance, lubrication property and plugging performance of drilling fluid were improved to meet the requirements of inhibition, plugging, anti-sloughing and high temperature stability of the Sangtamu Formation. The application in the sidetracked borehole of the Well Manshen 1 showed that the drilling fluid performance was stable during sidetracking, the K⁺ content was maintained to be at around 35 000 mg/L, and the high temperature and high pressure filtration rate was reduced from 11.3 mL to 8.0 mL at 150℃. During the whole construction, no borehole instability occurred in the Sangtamu Formation. The well was successfully drilled to the total depth of the third spud, and the casing was set in place in one run. This showed that the anti-sloughing effect of high performance water based drilling fluid was remarkable, and it achieved the expected goal.
- Ordovician /
- Santamu Formation /
- hole instability /
- anti-sloughing drilling fluid /
- water based drilling fluid /
- Well Manshen 1

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表 1 磺化树脂材料对钻井液滤失性能的影响试验结果

Table 1 The influence of sulfonated resin on the filtration property of drilling fluid

配方	塑性黏度/ （mPa∙s）	动切力/ Pa	静切力/Pa		API滤失量/mL	高温高压滤失量^1）/mL
配方	塑性黏度/ （mPa∙s）	动切力/ Pa	初切	终切	API滤失量/mL	高温高压滤失量^1）/mL
1#	22	5.0	1.5	7.0	3.2	9.7
2#	23	5.5	1.5	7.5	2.0	8.2
注：1）在温度150 ℃条件下测得。

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表 2 KCl对钻井液流性的影响试验结果

Table 2 The influence of KCl on rheology of drilling fluid

试验条件	配方	塑性黏度/ （mPa∙s）	动切力/Pa	静切力/Pa		API滤失量/ mL	高温高压滤失量^1）/ mL	K⁺质量浓度/ （mg·L^–1）
试验条件	配方	塑性黏度/ （mPa∙s）	动切力/Pa	初切	终切	API滤失量/ mL	高温高压滤失量^1）/ mL	K⁺质量浓度/ （mg·L^–1）
常温	2#	29	7.5	2.0	10.0	1.4	7.6	24 000
常温	3#	27	6.0	2.0	8.0	1.6	8.0	35 000
150 ℃下老化24 h	2#	28	7.0	2.0	8.0	1.2	7.2	24 000
150 ℃下老化24 h	3#	24	6.0	1.5	7.0	1.5	7.8	35 000
150 ℃下老化48 h	2#	32	8.5	2.0	11.0	1.6	7.8	24 000
150 ℃下老化48 h	3#	28	5.0	2.0	8.5	1.6	8.0	35 000
150 ℃下老化72 h	2#	40	11.0	3.0	12.0	2.2	9.2	24 000
150 ℃下老化72 h	3#	30	5.5	2.0	7.5	1.8	9.6	35 000
注：1）在温度150 ℃条件下测得。

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表 3 多氨基井壁稳定剂对钻井液稳定性的影响试验结果

Table 3 The influence of multi-amino borehole wall stabilizer on drilling fluid stability

配方	塑性黏度/（mPa∙s）	动切力/Pa	静切力/Pa		API滤失量/mL	高温高压滤失量^1）/mL	开罐情况
配方	塑性黏度/（mPa∙s）	动切力/Pa	初切	终切	API滤失量/mL	高温高压滤失量^1）/mL	开罐情况
3#	28	6	2.0	9.0	1.6	8.2	上部有少许清液
4#	27	6	2.0	8.0	1.6	8.2	上下均匀
5#	25	5	1.5	8.0	1.7	8.0	上下均匀
注：1）在温度150 ℃条件下测得。

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表 4 沥青防塌剂对钻井液防塌性能的影响试验结果

Table 4 The influence of asphalt anti-sloughing agent on anti-sloughing performance of drilling fluid

配方	塑性黏度/（mPa∙s）	动切力/Pa	静切力/Pa		API滤失量/mL	高温高压滤失量^1）/mL
配方	塑性黏度/（mPa∙s）	动切力/Pa	初切	终切	API滤失量/mL	高温高压滤失量^1）/mL
4#	28	6.5	2.0	8.0	1.6	8.2
6#	35	7.5	2.5	10.0	1.4	7.6
7#	43	9.0	3.0	12.0	1.2	7.2
注：1）在温度150 ℃条件下测得。

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表 5 满深1井桑塔木组灰色泥岩岩屑回收率试验结果

Table 5 The recovery ratio of grey mudstone of the Well Manshen 1 in the Sangtamu Formation

试验编号	试验介质	岩屑回收率，%
1	清水	5.7
2	钾基聚磺防塌钻井液	56.8
3	高性能防塌水基钻井液	83.6

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表 6 满深1井三开原井眼与侧钻井眼钻井情况对比

Table 6 Comparison on drilling conditions between the original third spud borehole and the sidetracked borehole in the Well Manshen 1

井眼	钻进井段/m	井段长度/m	钻进时间/d	井下情况
原井眼	7 175.00～7 392.54	217.54	7.42	正常
原井眼	7 392.54～7 480.57	88.03	13.50	反复划眼、倒划眼，掉块严重，扭矩异常，断钻具
侧钻井眼	7 166.00～7 480.57	314.57	10.21	正常，井眼通畅

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