Testing and Evaluation of Reinforced Reservoir Stimulations Using Composite Electrothermal-Chemical Shock Waves
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摘要:
为了完善复合电热化学聚能冲击波技术的工艺参数优化及效果评价，首先进行了大尺寸混凝土岩样的复合电热化学聚能冲击试验，评价了该技术的冲击破岩效果和控制因素；然后建立了可实现强动载重复冲击的数值模型，进行了大尺寸岩样模拟试验；最后利用数值模型系统评价了冲击次数、峰值压力、岩石弹性模量和地应力对措施效果的敏感性，分析了各工艺参数对岩石裂缝数量及作用距离的影响规律，并预测了措施后的增产效果。试验结果表明：复合电热化学聚能冲击波技术可将常规电脉冲的脉冲宽度扩展约1.5倍，冲击峰值压力提高约3.0倍；岩样冲击6次后，产生4条宏观裂缝，模拟井眼周围产生不同程度的破碎。该研究结果为利用复合电热化学聚能冲击波技术的工程应用提供了理论指导。
Abstract:In order to optimize the process parameters and evaluate the effect of composite the electrothermal -chemical shock wave technique, testing with massive concrete samples was carried out. The first stage involved determining its rock breaking capacity and then the technique’s physical and theoretical constraints. Next, a numerical simulation model under strong dynamic loading was established to simulate the test. Finally, the sensitivity of impact frequency, peak value, elastic modulus of rock and the in-situ stress were evaluated using a numerical model to determine the effect of stimulation. Thus, the influence law of each process parameter on the number of fractures and active distance were analyzed, and the effectiveness of the stimulation was predicted. The experimental results demonstrated that the composite electrothermal-chemical shock wave technique could extend the pulse width of conventional electric pulse by roughly 1.5 times and increase the shock amplitude by around 3.0 times. In addition, four macroscopic fractures were generated in the rock sample after 6 shocks. The effect of composite electrothermal-chemical shock wave technique was evaluated and would provides theoretical guidance for the improvement of reinforced reservoir stimulation using this technique.
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Keywords:
- electrothermal chemical /
- shock wave /
- impact test /
- numerical simulation /
- sensitivity /
- stimulation effect
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图 8 不同弹性模量岩样冲击后的模拟形态
Figure 8. Simulated patterns of rock with different elastic modulus after impact
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图 9 不同地应力下岩样冲击后的模拟形态
Figure 9. Simulation shape of rock sample after impact under different in-situ stresses
表 1 混凝土岩样和储层岩石的物性参数
Table 1 Physical parameters of concrete samples and reservoir rocks
类别 抗压强度/MPa 塑性系数 抗拉强度/MPa 弹性模量/GPa 泊松比 黏聚力/MPa 摩擦系数 混凝土 48.1 0.98 3.1 36.0 0.22 9.53 0.77 储层岩石 46.0～49.0 0.95～0.99 3.0～4.0 35.0～38.0 0.20～0.25 9.30～9.60 0.75～0.80 
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表 2 岩样冲击试验结果
Table 2 Rock sample impact test results
序号 聚能棒编号 弹药量/g 触发电压/kV 试验结果 1 7# 10.0 23.36 表面无裂缝，应变仪显示有裂缝产生 2 7# 10.0 23.12 表面无裂缝，应变仪显示有裂缝产生 3 7# 10.0 22.75 产生2条裂缝 4 7# 10.0 23.46 又产生2条新裂缝 5 7# 10.0 23.21 裂缝长度延伸 6 7# 10.0 23.10 裂缝缝宽变大，且长度继续延伸
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表 3 不同冲击次数下的模拟结果
Table 3 Simulation results after different impacts
冲击次数/次 破碎区长度/m 裂隙数量/条 裂隙区长度/m 1 0.10 0 0 2 0.15 0 0 4 0.18 2 1.15 6 0.21 4 1.62 9 0.25 4 1.70 12 0.34 4 1.71
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表 4 不同地应力下冲击后的模拟结果
Table 4 Simulation results after impact under different geostress
地应力/MPa 破碎区长度/m 裂隙条数/条 裂隙区长度/m 10 0.12 5 1.84 20 0.18 4 1.62 30 0.21 4 1.42
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