随钻高分辨率电阻率成像仪器探测特性研究

倪卫宁; 康正明; 路保平; 柯式镇; 李新; 李铭宇

doi:10.11911/syztjs.2019005

随钻高分辨率电阻率成像仪器探测特性研究

倪卫宁^{1, 2,},
康正明^{3, 4,*, ,},
路保平^{1, 2},
柯式镇^{3, 4},
李新^{1, 2},
李铭宇^{3, 4}

1.
页岩油气富集机理与有效开发国家重点实验室，北京 100101
2.
中国石化石油工程技术研究院，北京 100101
3.
油气资源与探测国家重点实验室（中国石油大学（北京）），北京 102249
4.
中国石油大学（北京）地球物理与信息工程学院，北京 102249

基金项目: 国家科技重大专项“低渗透储层高精度随钻成像技术研究”（编号：2016ZX05021-002）资助

详细信息

作者简介:
倪卫宁（1979—），男，安徽黄山人，2000年毕业于石油大学（华东）应用电子技术专业，2003年获石油大学（华东）控制理论与控制工程专业硕士学位，2006年获中国科学院半导体研究所微电子学与固体电子学专业博士学位，副研究员，主要从事井下智能、随钻测控技术研究。E-mail：niwn.sripe@sinopec.com

通讯作者:
康正明，kzm991430414@sina.cn

中图分类号: P631.3⁺3
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出版历程
- 收稿日期: 2018-08-27
- 修回日期: 2018-11-28
- 网络出版日期: 2019-01-16
- 刊出日期: 2019-02-28

The Detection Characteristics of a High Resolution Resistivity Imaging Instrument while Drilling

NI Weining^{1, 2,},
KANG Zhengming^{3, 4,*, ,},
LU Baoping^{1, 2},
KE Shizhen^{3, 4},
LI Xin^{1, 2},
LI Mingyu^{3, 4}

1.
State Key Laboratory of Shale Oil and Gas Enrichment Mechanisms and Effective Development, Beijing, 100101, China
2.
Sinopec Research Institute of Petroleum Engineering, Beijing, 100101, China
3.
State Key Laboratory of Petroleum Resources and Prospecting (China University of Petroleum (Beijing)), Beijing, 102249, China
4.
College of Geophysics and Information Engineering, China University of Petroleum (Beijing), Beijing, 102249, China

摘要

摘要:
针对现有随钻电阻率成像仪器周向钮扣电极分布少的问题，设计了一种新的钮扣电极分布方案。该仪器周向排布8个圆形钮扣电极，纵向分为2排，且每排钮扣电极直径不同，既能在复合钻进时进行全井眼覆盖扫描成像，又能在滑动钻进时获得8个扇区固定方位的井眼图像；建立了复杂的水平层状地层、含周向异常体地层和水平井地层等3种地层模型，利用有限元方法分析了仪器在不同地层模型中的测井响应特征。分析结果表明：该仪器具有较好的纵向分辨率，钮扣电极的纵向分辨率与其直径相当，可以准确识别方位性高阻地层；水平井地层界面对仪器不同方位测量的影响不同，侧向测量模式在地层界面处的响应与电缆侧向测井类似。该仪器在复杂地层中具有较好的适用性，研究结果对随钻电阻率成像仪器的研发和数据解释具有指导作用。
- 随钻电阻率成像 /
- 测井响应 /
- 水平井 /
- 层状地层 /
- 异常体 /
- 数值模拟
Abstract:
Focusing on the problem of low distribution of circumferential imaging electrodes in existing resistivity imaging instruments while drilling, a new instrument imaging electrode distribution scheme was designed. The new instrument arranges 8 circular imaging electrodes in the circumferential direction. They are placed in 2 rows in the longitudinal direction, and each row of imaging electrodes has different diameters. In this configuration, it is possible that it can not only perform full wellbore coverage scan imaging during composite drilling, but also obtain the borehole images of 8 sectors with fixed orientation during slide drilling. Taking that into consideration, the complex horizontal layered strata, strata with circumferential anomalous bodies and horizontal well stratigraphic models were established, and analyzed the logging response and laws of the instrument in different stratigraphic models by using finite element method. The analysis results showed that this instrument had good longitudinal resolution, the longitudinal resolution of the imaging electrode was equivalent to its diameter, which could identify the azimuthal strata with high resistivity accurately; the horizontal well strata interface had different effects on the various orientation measurements of this instrument. Further, the response of lateral measurement mode at the strata interface was similar to that of cable lateral logging. The instrument scheme has good applicability in complex strata, and in the future, the research results could be used to guide instrument development and data interpretation.
- resistivity imaging while drilling /
- loggingresponse /
- horizontal well /
- layered strata /
- anomalous body /
- numerical simulation

HTML全文

图 1 发射螺绕环等效为理想化磁环示意

Figure 1. Schematic of a launching spiral ring that is equivalent to the idealized magnetic ring

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图 2 仪器结构示意

Figure 2. Structure of the instrument

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图 3 源距对测量电流的影响

Figure 3. Effect of source distance on measured current

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图 4 钮扣电极直径对测量电流的影响

Figure 4. Effect of button electrode diameter on measured current

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图 5 测井仪器在水平层状地层的测井响应

Figure 5. Logging response of the logging instrument in horizontally layered strata

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图 6 含方向性异常体的地层模型

Figure 6. Stratigraphic model with directional anomalous bodies

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图 7 钮扣电极视电阻率与异常体张开角度的关系曲线

Figure 7. The relationship curve between the apparent resistivity of the button electrode and the anomalous body opening angle

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图 8 深侧向与钻头视电阻率与异常体张开角度的关系曲线

Figure 8. The relationship curve between the apparent resistivity of deep laterolog/bit and the anomalous body opening angle

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图 9 水平井数值模拟模型示意

Figure 9. The model of horizontal well numerical simulation

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图 10 钮扣电极测量的视电阻率与仪器距地层界面距离的关系曲线

Figure 10. The relationship curve between the apparent resistivity measured by the buttonelectrode and the distance of the instrument to strata interface

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图 11 侧向、钻头测量的视电阻率与仪器距地层界面距离的关系曲线

Figure 11. The relationship curve between the apparent resistivity measured by the laterolog/bit and the distance of the instrument to strata interface

下载: 全尺寸图片幻灯片

表 1 水平层状地层模型参数

Table 1 The model parameters of horizontally layered strata

编号	纵向坐标/m	地层厚度/m	地层电阻率/（Ω·m）
1	–100.000	100.000	10
2	0	0.005	100
3	0.005	0.005	10
4	0.010	0.010	100
5	0.020	0.010	10
6	0.030	0.020	100
7	0.050	0.020	10
8	0.070	0.040	100
9	0.110	0.040	10
10	0.150	0.060	100
11	0.210	0.060	10
12	0.270	0.080	100
13	0.350	0.080	10
14	0.430	99.570	10

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