Impacts of Accuracy of Azimuthal Electromagnetic Logging-while-Drilling on Resistivity and Interface Prediction
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摘要: 随钻方位电磁波测量仪利用幅度比和相位差转换得到地层电阻率信息，联合定向电动势测量信号反演来预测和判断界面，因此必须明确测量精度与电阻率及界面距离的关系。从电阻率转换及界面距离反演原理出发，模拟计算和分析接收天线测量精度在不同地层条件下对电阻率和界面距离的影响。模拟结果表明，在电阻率比较高的地层中，接收天线测量精度对幅度电阻率和相位电阻率影响较大；定向电动势幅度与界面距离呈近似对数线性关系，仪器离界面距离越远，界面两侧电导率差越小，仪器工作频率越低，测量精度对界面距离反演结果的影响越大。研究结果可以为评估测量结果的准确度和降低地层评价与地质导向应用风险提供理论依据。Abstract: During the course of logging while drilling with an azimuthal electromagnetic wave instrument,the amplitude ratio and phase difference conversion can be used to obtain the formation resistivity data,and, combined with the signal inversion of directional electromotive force to predict and identify the interface. So,it is necessary to clarify the relationships among the measuring signal accuracy,resistivity and distance to the interface. According to the inversion principle of resistivity conversion and interface distance,the effect of measurement accuracy of receiving antenna on resistivity and interface distance can be simulated,calculated and analyzed under different conditions of formation. Simulation results showed that measurement accuracy of receiving antenna may have great impacts on amplitude resistivity and phase resistivity in high resistivity formation,with an approximately log-linear relationship between directional electromotive force amplitude and interface distance. The farther the distance away from the directional electromotive force amplitude and interface instrument,the smaller the conductivity at two sides of interface of directional electromotive force amplitude,and the lower the working frequency of the instrument,so,the bigger the impact of measuring accuracy on the inversion result of interface distance inversion. The research results can provide the theoretical basis for evaluating measurement accuracy,and lowering the risks of formation evaluation and geosteering applications.
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