Study on the Distribution Law of Near-Wellbore in-situ Stress and Casing Load under Fracturing Conditions
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摘要:
为了研究水力压裂工况下套管损坏机理及套管载荷影响因素，开展了储层岩石力学参数测试，建立了套管–水泥环–地层–裂缝的多场耦合有限元分析模型，分析了水力压裂扩展时近井筒地应力及套管载荷的分布规律及影响因素。研究结果表明，储层中天然裂缝的存在引起水力裂缝的非均匀扩展，套管承受非均匀载荷；当储层地应力差增加、弹性模量降低时，近井筒地应力及套管载荷增加；天然裂缝数量及天然裂缝分布形态对近井筒地应力及套管载荷的影响较为复杂。研究结果为页岩储层优化固井设计及压裂设计、减少套管损坏问题提供了理论依据。
Abstract:In order to study the casing damage mechanism and the influencing factors of casing load under hydraulic fracturing conditions, rock mechanics tests were carried out, and a multi-field coupled finite element analysis model of casing, cement sheathe, formation, and fracture was established. Distribution law and influencing factors of near-wellbore in-situ stress and casing load under hydraulic fracturing propagation were analyzed. The results showed that the natural fractures in the reservoir caused the non-uniform propagation of hydraulic fractures, and the casing was subjected to a non-uniform load. The in-situ stress difference increased and the elastic modulus decreased while the near-wellbore in-situ stress and casing load increased. The influence of the natural fracture number and the distribution pattern of natural fractures on the near-wellbore in-situ stress and casing load were complicated. The research results provide a theoretical basis for optimizing the cementing design and fracturing design of shale reservoirs and reducing casing damage.
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Keywords:
- hydraulic fracturing /
- shale reservoir /
- casing load /
- in-situ stress /
- natural fractures
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图 1 近井筒水力裂缝与天然裂缝相互作用模型
Figure 1. Model of interaction between near-wellbore hydraulic fractures and natural fractures
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图 3 套管–水泥环–储层–裂缝耦合几何模型
Figure 3. Geometric model of casing-cement sheath-formation-fracture coupling
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图 5 不同地应力差时的轴向地应力及最大套管载荷
Figure 5. In-situ stress and maximum casing load under different in-situ stress differences
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图 6 弹性模量对地应力及最大套管载荷的影响
Figure 6. Influence of elasticity modulus on in-situ stress and maximum casing load
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图 7 天然裂缝条数对地应力及最大套管载荷的影响
Figure 7. Influence of natural fracture number on in-situ stress and maximum casing load
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图 8 裂缝形态对地应力及最大套管载荷的影响
Figure 8. Influence of fracture pattern on in-situ stress and maximum casing load
表 1 岩石力学参数测试结果
Table 1 Test results of rock mechanics
岩心编号 深度/m 围压/MPa 弹性模量/GPa 泊松比 应力差/MPa H1 2557.82 19.3 17.71 0.191 3.38 H2 2554.26 19.1 17.95 0.174 4.01 H3 2549.21 18.9 19.25 0.182 2.16 H4 2528.35 19.0 19.65 0.162 2.02 平均 18.64 0.177 2.89 
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