工业氯化钙加重胍胶压裂液体系研究与现场试验

周建平; 杨战伟; 徐敏杰; 王丽伟; 姚茂堂; 高莹

doi:10.11911/syztjs.2021014

工业氯化钙加重胍胶压裂液体系研究与现场试验

1.
中国石油塔里木油田分公司工程技术部，新疆库尔勒 841000
2.
中国石油勘探开发研究院，北京 100083
3.
中国石油塔里木油田分公司油气工程研究院，新疆库尔勒 841000

基金项目: 国家科技重大专项“储层改造关键技术及装备”（编号：2016ZX05023）及中国石油天然气股份有限公司科技重大专项“超深高温高压气井井完整性及储层改造技术研究与应用”（编号：2018E-1809）部分研究内容

详细信息

作者简介:
周建平（1981—），男，四川泸州人，2005年毕业于西南石油学院石油工程专业，2008年获西南石油大学油气井工程专业硕士学位，2017年获西南石油大学油气田开发工程专业博士学位，高级工程师，现主要从事试油完井技术及管理工作。E-mail：zhoujp-tlm@petrochina.com.cn

通讯作者:
杨战伟，yzw69@petrochina.com.cn

中图分类号: TE357.1⁺2
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出版历程
- 收稿日期: 2020-04-04
- 修回日期: 2021-01-23
- 网络出版日期: 2021-02-26
- 刊出日期: 2021-04-08

Research and Field Tests of Weighted Fracturing Fluids with Industrial Calcium Chloride and Guar Gum

1.
Engineering Technology Department, PetroChina Tarim Oilfield Company, Korla, Xinjiang, 841000, China
2.
PetroChina Research Institute of Petroleum Exploration & Development, Beijing, 100083, China
3.
Research Institute of Petroleum Engineering, PetroChina Tarim Oilfield Company, Korla, Xinjiang, 841000, China

摘要

摘要: 为了解决现有加重压裂液体系成本高及加重密度低等问题，采用工业氯化钙作为加重剂，研发了一种低成本加重压裂液技术。在分析硼交联剂在氯化钙胍胶基液中交联受阻机理的基础上，制备了耐高浓度氯化钙溶液的交联剂，可在低pH值环境下使高浓度氯化钙溶液和胍胶基液形成交联冻胶。工业氯化钙加重胍胶压裂液具有加重密度高、基液黏度低和耐温耐剪切性能良好等特点，在温度140 ℃、剪切速率100 s^–1条件下剪切2 h后，冻胶黏度大于100 mPa·s。现场试验表明，超深井采用氯化钙加重胍胶压裂液进行压裂施工，施工压力可降低10～15 MPa。研究表明，氯化钙加重胍胶压裂液性能可靠，能够降低超深高应力储层改造施工压力，提高压裂效果，具有现场推广应用价值。
- 加重压裂液 /
- 工业氯化钙 /
- 胍胶 /
- 交联剂 /
- 现场试验
Abstract: To solve the problem of high cost and low weighting density in existing weighted fracturing fluid systems, a low-cost technology for weighting the fracturing fluid with industrial calcium chloride was developed. After analyzing the blocking mechanism of boron crosslinking agent in calcium chloride and guar gum base solution, a high-concentration calcium chloride-resistant crosslinker solution was developed. It has the advantage of being able to form crosslinked gel at low pH with high-concentration calcium chloride solution and guar gum base fluid. The industrial calcium chloride weighted guar gum fracturing fluid is characterized by its high weighting density, low base fluid viscosity, strong temperature and shear resistance. After the shearing at 140 °C and with a shearing rate of 100 s^–1 for two hours, the gel viscosity was greater than 100 mPa·s. Field tests indicated that the operating pressure can be reduced by 10–15 MPa in ultra-deep wells by using the weighted fracturing fluid with calcium chloride and guar gum. The results showed that fracturing fluid has reliable performance, and could reduce the operational pressure in ultra deep and high stress reservoir reconstructions, and thereby improve the fracturing effect, which has the value of field popularization and application.
- weighted fracturing fluid /
- industrial calcium chloride /
- guar gum /
- crosslinker /
- field test

HTML全文

图 1 硼交联剂交联氯化钙胍胶溶液受阻过程示意图

Figure 1. Blocking process of cross-linking of boron crosslinker in calcium chloride and guar gum solution

下载: 全尺寸图片幻灯片

图 2 添加剂的加入方式对冻胶黏度的影响

Figure 2. The influence of the adding ways on gel viscosity

下载: 全尺寸图片幻灯片

表 1 氯化钙-胍胶交联冻胶剪切试验结果

Table 1 Shear test results of crosslinked gel with calcium chloride and guar gum

试验序号	TEDA5加量，%	GZ100加量，%	温度/℃	剪切不同时间后的黏度/（mPa·s）
试验序号	TEDA5加量，%	GZ100加量，%	温度/℃	0.5 h	1.0 h	1.5 h	2.0 h	2.5 h	3.0 h
1016-2	1.0%	0.2%	130	132	106	108
1016-3	1.0%	0.4%	130	207	210	145	120	105
1016-4	1.0%	0.6%	130	248	270	249	188
1017-1	1.0%	0.8%	140	115	95
1017-2	1.0%	0.6%	140	196	140	111	80
1017-3	1.0%	0.5%	130	325	325	302	272
1019-2	1.0%	0.5%	140	205	204	180	148
1019-4	1.0%	0.5%	130	510	412	323	297	307	262
1020-1	1.2%	0.5%	140	272	177	140	116

下载: 导出CSV

表 2 氯化钙加重胍胶压裂液破胶试验结果

Table 2 Gel breaking test results of weighted fracturing fluid with calcium chloride and guar gum

温度/ ℃	破胶剂加量，%	不同时间下的黏度/（mPa·s）
温度/ ℃	破胶剂加量，%	1 h	2 h	4 h	6 h	8 h
50	0.10	冻胶	冻胶	冻胶	稀胶液	稀胶液
	0.15	冻胶	冻胶	稀胶液	稀胶液	8.76
	0.20	冻胶	稀胶液	稀胶液	10.35	4.67
70	0.10	冻胶	冻胶	冻胶	稀胶液	稀胶液
	0.12	冻胶	冻胶	稀胶液	11.23	6.76
	0.15	冻胶	稀胶液	11.23	5.46	3.92
90	0.04	冻胶	冻胶	稀冻胶	稀冻胶	稀冻胶
	0.06	稀胶液	稀胶液	稀胶液	18.38 （拉丝）	9.28 （拉丝）
	0.08	4.86	4.54	4.46	4.04	3.78
120	0.04	冻胶	冻胶	稀冻胶	稀冻胶	稀冻胶
	0.06	稀胶液	13.06 （拉丝）	9.69	5.22
	0.08	8.11	7.49	6.16	6.00	3.89

下载: 导出CSV

表 3 氯化钙加重胍胶压裂液的滤失性能

Table 3 Filtration performance of weighted fracturing fluid with calcium chloride and guar gum

温度/ ℃	静态滤失系数/ （m·min^–0.5）	初滤失量/ （m³·m^–2）	滤失速率/ （m²·min^–1）
90	4.17×10^–4	9.02×10^–4	7.22×10^–5
140	7.35×10^–4	9.04×10^–4	1.14×10^–4

下载: 导出CSV

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