Drilling Technology for Adjustment Wells of the Jiaoshiba Block in the Fuling Shale Gas Field
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摘要: 随着涪陵页岩气田焦石坝区块进入开发调整期，单井可采储量降低，要继续经济开发就需要缩短钻井周期、降低钻井成本。为了实现钻井提速降本，进行了钻井优化设计、超长水平段钻井、强化参数钻井提速、基于等寿命理念的“一趟钻”钻井、“钻刮通洗一体化”完井和长效密封固井等方面的技术攻关，形成了涪陵页岩气田焦石坝区块调整井钻井技术。现场应用结果显示，调整井平均水平段长度达到2 096 m，同比涪陵页岩气田焦石坝区块一期增加37.8%；平均机械钻速达到9.49 m/h，同比一期提高26.2%；钻井周期62.27 d，同比一期缩短26.0%；环空带压比例由一期的70.0%降至4.6%。研究表明，涪陵页岩气田焦石坝区块调整井钻井关键技术满足了焦石坝区块部署调整井的技术需求，支撑了涪陵页岩气田稳产增效。Abstract: With the Jiaoshiba Block in the Fuling Shale Gas Field entering into the development and adjustment period, the recoverable reserves of single well are reduced. To develop the field economically, it is necessary to shorten the drilling cycle and reduce the drilling cost. Therefore, with the optimum design of drilling, drilling of ultra-long horizontal sections, increasing rate of penetration by optimization in drilling parameters, a “one-trip drilling” technique based on equal-life idea, integration of drilling, reaming and flushing in well completion, and long-term sealing technology in cementing, the drilling technology for adjustment wells of Jiaoshiba Block of the Fuling Shale Gas Field was formed. Field application results showed that the average length of horizontal sections in adjustment wells was 2 096 m, 37.8% longer than that in drilling the first phase drilling there. The average penetration rate reached 9.49 m/h, 26.2% higher than that in the first phase drilling and the drilling cycle was 62.27 d, which was 26.0% shorter than in the past. The percentage of wells with annular pressure lowered from 70.0% to 4.6%. The results show that the proposed key drilling technology could meet the technical needs of adjustment wells of Jiaoshiba Block of the Fuling Shale Gas Field, and provide supports for a stable production and more effective development of the Fuling Shale Gas Field.
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Keywords:
- adjustment well /
- drilling /
- long horizontal section /
- one trip drilling /
- Jiaoshiba Block /
- Fuling Shale Gas Field
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图 1 焦页2-5HF井水平段摩阻扭矩变化曲线
Figure 1. Curve of frictional torque in the horizontal sections of Well JY 2-5HF
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图 2 调整井密集井网绕障轨道设计流程
Figure 2. Flow chart of well trajectories design bypassing barrier in the dense infill well pattern of adjustment wells
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图 4 高温三轴水泥石的应力−应变曲线
Figure 4. Triaxial stress–strain curves of set cement at high temperatures
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图 5 高强度弹韧性水泥环密封完整性测试结果
Figure 5. Sealing integrity test results for cement sheath with high strength elastic-ductile
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图 6 涪陵页岩气田部分长水平段水平井钻井情况统计结果
Figure 6. Statistics of drilling in some long horizontal well sections in the Fuling Shale Gas Field
表 1 焦石坝区块部分调整井出现的井下复杂情况
Table 1 Complex downhole situation occurred in some adjustment wells of the Jiaoshiba Block
井号 完钻井深/m 机械钻速/(m·h–1) 钻井周期/d 复杂情况 复杂时效，% 焦页39-2-1HF 4 845 8.74 65.50 井漏1次，溢流1次 2.60 焦页11-2-1HF 4 155 6.86 68.13 井漏1次，溢流9次 3.18 焦页7-1HF 4 130 7.35 58.83 溢流1次 4.11 焦页39-1HF 4 350 7.26 64.46 溢流23次 21.04 焦页46-2HF 4 550 9.79 49.61 气侵1次，断钻具1次，溢流1次 13.00 焦页22-3HF 4 680 8.74 112.35 井漏7次，溢流1次，卡钻1次 52.82 焦页57-3HF 4 600 9.33 92.60 井漏4次，溢流1次，卡钻1次 28.95 
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表 2 涪陵页岩气田焦石坝区块强化参数钻井方案
Table 2 Drilling scheme with enhanced drilling parameters of the Jiaoshiba Block in the Fuling Shale Gas Field
开次 钻压/kN 排量/（L·s–1） 转速/（r·min–1） 一开 >100 >60 >70 二开 >80 >60 >70 三开 >120 >30 >70
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表 3 涪陵页岩气田焦石坝区块调整井“一趟钻”应用情况
Table 3 Application of one-trip drilling technique to adjustment wells of the Jiaoshiba Block in the Fuling Shale Gas Field
井号 应用井段/m 水平段长/
m纯钻时/
h机械钻速/
(m·h–1)焦页21-S2HF 2 858～4 645 1 787 97.50 19.33 焦页5-S1HF 2 661～4 313 1 652 132.50 12.47 焦页5-3HF 2 769～4 334 1 565 141.00 11.10 焦页22-S1HF 2 820～5 364 1 657 149.00 17.07 焦页45-6HF 3 027～4 916 1 889 222.96 8.47 焦页83-1HF 3 956～5 808 1 852 164.00 11.29 焦页83-3HF 4 081～5 456 1 375 128.00 10.74 焦页31-S1HF 2 671～4 672 2 001 136.00 14.71 焦页92-1HF 3 701～5 118 1 417 121.00 11.71 焦页192-4HF 4 230～5 726 1 496 147.75 10.12 焦页186-1HF 3 635～5 121 1 486 111.50 16.33 焦页23-S2HF 2 679～4 780 2 101 106.00 19.82
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表 4 高效涡轮式水力振荡器现场应用效果
Table 4 Field application effect of efficient turbine hydraulic oscillator
井号 井段/m 层位 进尺/
m机械钻速/
(m·h–1)机械钻速提高，% 焦页23-S1HF 3 400~4 772 龙马溪组 1 372 9.09 27.6 焦页23-4HF 2 712~4 608 龙马溪组 1 896 11.02 31.7 焦页23-S2HF 2 679~4 780 龙马溪组 2 101 19.82 37.2 焦页106-2HF 3 671~5 235 龙马溪组 1 564 3.87 33.4 焦页23-S3HF 2 650~4 447 龙马溪组 1 797 7.50 66.0 焦页23-5HF 2 721~4 612 龙马溪组 1 891 6.83 135.5
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