Technical Status and Development Suggestions in Exploiting Geothermal Energy from Abandoned Wells
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摘要: 地热能是替代石油等化石燃料的可再生能源之一，然而目前其开发成本高昂，难以大规模开发利用。石油行业每年都会产生大量废弃井，利用废弃井进行地热开发不仅可以缓解能源问题，节省钻井成本，还可以有效控制废弃井所造成的污染。为此，结合废弃井地热开发的研究现状，对废弃井改造的可行性进行了分析，对改造目标井的选取、利用途径等进行了阐述，对废弃井的改造和取热方式进行了讨论。整体而言，目前国内外废弃井地热能开发还处于理论研究和试验性研究阶段，与大规模工业应用还有较大差距。因此，对于废弃井地热能开发研究，建议从地热发展整体趋势出发，重点攻克多分支径向井关键技术、改善废弃井系统取热性能、建立智能决策与优化系统、加强地面配套设施研究。研究结果及发展建议对采用废弃井获取地热资源具有一定的指导作用。Abstract: Geothermal energy, as one of the renewable energy resources replacing fossil fuels, is difficult to drill and utilize in a large-scale due to its high development cost. A large number of oil and gas wells are abandoned in the petroleum industry every year. If those wells can be used in geothermal energy development, it not only alleviates energy problems and reduces drilling costs, but also effectively controls pollutions from well abandonment. Therefore, the feasibility of the abandoned wells transformation was analyzed combining with the current research status of geothermal exploitation and the selection and utilization methods of target wells were elaborated. In addition, the transformation and heat extraction modes in abandoned wells were discussed in this paper. In general, the exploitation of geothermal energy from abandoned wells is still in the stage of theoretical and experimental research, far from large-scale industrial application. It is suggested to start from the overall trend of geothermal development, focus on key technologies of multi-lateral wells, improve the heat extraction performance of abandoned well systems, establish the intelligent decision-making and optimization system, and strengthen the research on ground supporting facilities. The results of the research and development suggestions will provide a guideline in obtaining geothermal resources from abandoned wells.
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