Research and Field Test on Drilling Acceleration Technology with Hydraulic Torsional Impactor Combined with Hydraulic Boosters
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摘要:
在应用PDC钻头钻进硬地层时易出现钻具粘滑振动、跳钻、钻具突然回转等问题，导致钻头崩齿、钻具扭转变形，从而影响钻井效率和钻头、钻具的使用寿命。为此，研制了液力扭转冲击器和液力加压器并组合应用，形成了液力扭转冲击器配合液力加压器的钻井提速技术。室内性能试验结果表明，液力扭转冲击器能够产生高频冲击扭矩，且随着排量的增加，冲击扭矩、冲击频率和节流压力均会增加；液力加压器可以降低钻头的剧烈振动，从而达到提高钻速、保护钻头的目的。该技术在3口井进行了现场试验，与邻井相比，机械钻速分别提高了50%，33%和68%，且单只钻头进尺显著增加。研究表明，液力扭转冲击器配合液力加压器的钻井提速技术，可以大幅度提高机械钻速，并解决定向钻井中存在的托压问题，为实现油气藏高效开发提供了一种新技术。
Abstract:When drilling into hard formations with a PDC bit, problems such as stick-slip vibration, bit bouncing and whirling of drilling string occur frequently, which causes the drill bit to collapse and the drilling string to twist and deform, hence compromising the drilling efficiency and the service life of the bit and the drill string. For this reason, based on the development of hydraulic torsional impactor and hydraulic booster as well as the combined application, a drilling acceleration technology was developed by jointly using hydraulic torsional impactor and hydraulic booster. The results of indoor performance test showed that the hydraulic torsional impactor could generate high-frequency impact torque, and the impact torque, impact frequency and choking pressure would increase with the flowrate. The hydraulic booster coudd effectively reduce the severe vibration in the drill bit, so as to achieve the purpose of improving ROP and protecting the drill bit. This technology was field tested in 3 wells. Compared with the adjacent wells, the ROPs were increased by 50%, 33% and 68%, respectively, and the footage of single bit was increased significantly. The research showed that the drilling speed-up technology of combining hydraulic torsional impactor with hydraulic booster could greatly increase ROP and solve the problem of WOB stacking in the directional drilling of this oilfield, which provided a technical measure to achieve an efficient development of reservoirs.
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图 1 液力扭转冲击器的基本结构
1. 外壳；2. 支撑套；3. 碟簧；4. 推力轴承；5. 防砂套；6. 启动锤；7. 冲击锤；8. 座体；9. 滑动轴承；10. 喷嘴；11. 防脱机构
Figure 1. Basic structure of hydraulic torsional impactor
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图 2 液力加压器的基本结构
1. 芯轴；2. 花键筒；3. 一级缸筒；4. 防掉半环；5. 连接筒；6. 活塞杆；7. 二级缸筒；8. 上接头
Figure 2. Basic structure of hydraulic booster
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图 3 液力扭转冲击器地面性能测试平台
1. 流量传感器；2. 压力传感器；3. 液力扭转冲击器；4. 扭矩传感器
Figure 3. Surface performance test platform of hydraulictorsional impactor
表 1 液力扭转冲击器配合液力加压器的钻井提速技术现场试验效果
Table 1 Field test results of the drilling speed-up technology of combining hydraulic torsional impactor with hydraulic boosterwith hydraulic booster
井号 钻进井段/
m入井时间/
h机械钻速/
(m·h–1)钻速提高
幅度，%2-4-18A 2 146～2 600 117 8.40 50 延491 3 194～3 438 76 6.39 39 盘2-斜125 260～1 317 69 26.44 68 
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