Research and Application of Plunger Gas Lift Technology in the Fuling Shale Gas Field
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摘要:
气井通常采用柱塞气举工艺进行排水采气，但常规短柱塞无法适应涪陵页岩气田页岩气井井口存在ϕ177.8 mm大阀、井下管柱存在变径等问题，为此研制了弹块式变径组合柱塞。该柱塞采用弹块设计与加长设计，既保证了柱塞的通过性，又降低了柱塞漏失率；柱塞中搭载温压仪，可以监测井下压力与柱塞运行状态，为柱塞工作制度调整提供依据；针对页岩气井不同阶段的生产特征，优化了柱塞气举工艺介入时机与柱塞工作制度。涪陵页岩气田34口井应用了柱塞气举工艺，单井平均产气量提高0.95×104 m3/d，实现了页岩气井的连续稳定生产。柱塞气举工艺为涪陵页岩气田高效开发提供了新的技术途径，对其他页岩气田开发具有借鉴作用。
Abstract:Plunger gas lift technology is often used for drainage of water and gas recovery in gas wells. However, the conventional short plunger cannot solve some problems in shale gas well in Fuling Shale Gas Field, such as the large master valve on wellhead and downhole variable-diameter pipe string, therefore, an elastic block variable-diameter combined plunger was developed. The plunger adopts the design of elastic block and lengthening, which not only ensures the passage of the plunger, but also effectively reduced the leakage rate of the plunger. The temperature and pressure instruments are installed in the plunger to monitor the downhole pressure and the running state of the plunger, so as to provide the basis for adjusting the operating system of the plunger. According to the production characteristics of shale gas wells at different stages, the intervention time and operation system of plunger gas lift are optimized. Plunger lift technology has been applied in 34 wells in Fuling Shale Gas Field, with average daily gas production of a single well increased by 0.95×104 m3, realizing shale gas production continuously and stably. The plunger gas lift technology provides a new technical way for the efficient development of Fuling Shale Gas Field, and has a function of guiding the development in other shale gas fields.
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Keywords:
- shale gas /
- plunger gas lift /
- combined plunger /
- working system /
- optimizing design /
- Fuling Shale Gas Field
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图 1 变径组合柱塞与常规柱塞结构对比
Figure 1. Comparison of structure between variable-diameter combined plunger and conventional plunger
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图 2 柱塞气举过程井下温度压力测试数据
Figure 2. Test data of downhole temperature and pressure during lifting gas by plunger
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图 3 外输压力4 MPa下气井运行柱塞所需的最低井底流压
Figure 3. Minimum bottomhole flow pressure required for running plunger in gas well at external pressure of 4 MPa
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图 5 高压高产水间开期井筒积液过程
Figure 5. Wellbore fluid accumulation process in high pressure and high water production stage
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图 6 柱塞运行周期压力及瞬时产量变化
Figure 6. Change of pressure and gas production during operating cycle of plunger
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图 7 低压低产水气井井筒积液过程
Figure 7. Wellbore fluid accumulation process in low pressure and low water production gas wells
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图 8 低压低产水间开气井柱塞制度优化依据
Figure 8. Optimal result of plunger operating system in low pressure and low water production stage
表 1 变径组合柱塞与常规柱塞工作参数对比
Table 1 Comparison of working parameters between variable-diameter combined plunger and conventional plunger
柱塞类型 适用油管
直径/mm柱塞最小钢体
外径/mm柱塞最大弹性
外径/mm井口可通过
最大通径/mm井下可通过
最小通径/mm井下压力
检测装置井下温度
检测装置常规柱塞 60.3 49.0 51.0 52.0 50.0 无 无 73.0 59.0 63.0 65.0 60.0 无 无 弹块式变径
组合柱塞60.3 45.0 51.0 无限制 46.0 可搭载 可搭载 73.0 55.0 63.0 无限制 56.0 可搭载 可搭载 
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