Intelligent Drilling Technology Research Status and Development Trends
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摘要:
随着油气勘探开发逐渐向非常规、低渗透、深层、深水等复杂油气领域发展，钻井工程在安全、经济和效率等方面面临一系列难题和挑战。基于大数据和人工智能等前沿技术的智能钻井技术，有望实现钻井过程的超前探测、智能导向、闭环控制和智能决策，从而大幅提高油气井产量和采收率，降低钻井成本，近年来已成为国内外研究热点。详细介绍了国内外智能钻井关键技术的发展现状，包括井眼轨道智能优化、钻速智能优化、智能导向钻井、井下闭环调控、智能监测与决策等技术，并分析了国内外智能钻机、智能钻杆、智能钻头、智能控压钻井系统和智能导向钻井系统等装备的主要进展，指出基于我国人工智能技术的高速发展，需要加强钻井工程与前沿理论、技术的跨界融合，强化协同创新，建立完善的智能钻井理论与技术体系，为实现我国复杂油气资源高效勘探开发和油气发展战略提供技术支撑。
Abstract:As oil and gas exploration and development shift to unconventional, low permeability, deep formations, deepwater and other complex hydrocarbon resources, drilling engineering is facing a series of difficulties and challenges in terms of safety, economics and efficiency. Centering around cutting-edge technologies such as big data and artificial intelligence, intelligent drilling technology is expected to be able to incorporate advanced detection, intelligent steering, closed-loop control and intelligent decision-making in the drilling process, thereby greatly increasing the productivity and oil and gas recovery ratio and reducing drilling costs. In recent years, intelligent drilling technology is absolutely cutting edge, as both the frontier and the key hotspot of research worldwide. In this paper, we introduced in detail the development status of key engineering technologies in intelligent drilling, including the intelligent optimization of borehole trajectory and drilling speed, intelligent steering, downhole closed-loop control, intelligent monitoring and decision-making, etc. The principle breakthroughsin intelligent drilling equipment such as smart drilling rig, drill pipe, drill bit, intelligent pressure management drilling system and intelligent steering drilling system were analyzed. Due to the rapid development of artificial intelligence technology in China, it is necessary to strengthen the cross-border integration of drilling engineering and cutting-edge theory/technology, to enhance collaborative inno-vation and to establish a comprehensive intelligent drilling technology system, so as to provide technical supports in the efficient exploration and development of complex oil and gas resources as well as in the strategies of oil and gas development in China.
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Keywords:
- intelligent drilling /
- drilling equipment /
- technical status /
- development trends
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图 2 我国小型智能钻机的井口控制系统–双集成司钻系统
Figure 2. Wellhead control system-dual integrated driller system for small scale intelligent drilling rig in China
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图 3 我国研制的电导通智能钻杆
Figure 3. Electrically conductive smart drill pipe developed by China
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