长北区块无土相防水锁低伤害钻井液技术

凡帆; 刘伟; 贾俊

doi:10.11911/syztjs.2019104

长北区块无土相防水锁低伤害钻井液技术

凡帆^{1, 2,},
刘伟^{1, 2},
贾俊^{1, 2}

1.
低渗透油气田勘探开发国家工程实验室，陕西西安 710018
2.
中国石油集团川庆钻探工程有限公司钻采工程技术研究院，陕西西安 710018

基金项目: 中国石油集团公司重大科技专项“长庆油田5000万吨持续高效稳产关键技术研究与应用”（编号：2016E-05）部分研究内容

详细信息

作者简介:
凡帆（1986—），男，湖北仙桃人，2008年毕业于长江大学应用化学专业，2011年获西南石油大学应用化学专业硕士学位，工程师，主要从事钻井液完井液技术研究。E-mail：fan_043@163.com

中图分类号: TE242
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出版历程
- 收稿日期: 2019-01-23
- 修回日期: 2019-08-16
- 网络出版日期: 2019-09-05
- 刊出日期: 2019-08-31

Clay-Free Drilling Fluid with Anti-Water Locking and Low Damage Performance Used in the Changbei Block

FAN Fan^{1, 2,},
LIU Wei^{1, 2},
JIA Jun^{1, 2}

1.
National Engineering Laboratory for Low-Permeability Oil & Gas Field Exploration and Development, Xi’an, Shaanxi, 710018, China
2.
Drilling & Production Engineering Technology Institute, CNPC Chuanqing Drilling Engineering Company Ltd., Xi’an, Shaanxi, 710018, China

摘要

摘要:
针对长北区块生产井持续生产致使地层压力衰减、压差增大，导致钻井液对储层伤害加剧的问题，在分析长北区块储层伤害机理的基础上，研制了解水锁剂G311，优选了润滑剂G316，并对其加量进行了优化，形成了适用于长北区块压力衰减储层的无土相防水锁低伤害钻井液。该钻井液与无土相低伤害钻井液相比，钻井液滤液表面张力降低率达77.8%，线性膨胀率达22.6%，岩心伤害率低于15.0%，具有解除水锁、抑制水敏及储层保护效果显著等优点。无土相防水锁低伤害钻井液在长北区块2口气井进行了现场试验，钻井过程中没有发生井下故障，起下钻顺畅，井眼始终处于良好净化状态。其中，CX–5井平均机械钻速提高12.1%，裸眼完井并直接气举投产，产气量达70×10⁴m³/d，高于预期产气量。研究结果表明，无土相防水锁低伤害钻井液能够满足长北区块压力衰减地层长水平段水平井钻井安全及储层保护要求。
- 水平井 /
- 储层保护 /
- 水锁 /
- 无土相钻井液 /
- 长北区块
Abstract:
Continuous mass production of wells in Changbei Block has led to formation pressure attenuation, differential pressure increase and formation damage by drilling fluids. Therefore, the damage mechanism of reservoir has been studied. After doing so, the G311 water-locking removal agent and other agents were implemented, so as to form a clay-free drilling fluid with anti-water locking and lower damage performance, and it is suitable for the Changbei Block depleted reservoir. Compared with the clay-free low damage drilling fluid, its filtrate has a surface tension reduction rate of 77.8%, a linear expansion rate of 22.6%, and a core damage rate of lower than 15.0%. It has the advantage of water-locking removal, water sensitivity inhibition and remarkable reservoir protection effect. The new drilling fluid has been tested in 2 wells of the Changbei Phase II project, and no downhole failure occurred during the drilling process. The trip operation was smooth, and the wellbore maintained a well cleaned state. Among them, the average ROP of Well CX-5 increased by 12.1%, the open hole completion and direct gas lifting production were used in this well, and the production reached 70×10⁴ m³/d, higher than the expected gas production. The research results showed that the clay-free drilling fluid with anti-water locking and lower damage performance could meet the requirement of drilling safety and reservoir protection, suitable for long horizontal section drilling in pressure attenuated formation of Changbei Phase II.
- horizontal well /
- reservoir protection /
- water lock /
- clay-free drilling fluid /
- Changbei Block

HTML全文

图 1 解水锁剂G311加量对钻井液滤液表面张力的影响

Figure 1. Effect of G311 dosage on the surface tension of drilling fluid filtrate

下载: 全尺寸图片幻灯片

图 2 岩心的线性膨胀试验结果

Figure 2. Results of core linear expansion experiments

下载: 全尺寸图片幻灯片

图 3 钻井液在不同温度下的黏度曲线

Figure 3. Viscosity of drilling fluid at different temperatures

下载: 全尺寸图片幻灯片

表 1 岩心自吸含水饱和度随吸水时间的变化

Table 1 Self-absorbed water saturation of cores with time

岩心编号	不同时间下岩心自吸含水饱和度，%
岩心编号	0.5 min	1.0 min	5.0 min	10.0 min	20.0 min	50.0 min	100.0 min
1	6.8	12.6	34.8	53.9	68.7	72.3	73.3
2	14.3	21.7	41.4	50.9	55.2	61.9	62.9
3	21.2	32.4	58.6	61.5	74.3	87.8	88.6

下载: 导出CSV

表 2 山西组2段岩心水锁伤害实验结果

Table 2 Results of water-locking damage experiment with cores in the second member of Shanxi Formation

岩心编号	原始含水饱和度，%	原始含水饱和度下的渗透率/ mD	束缚水饱和度，%	束缚水饱和度下的渗透率/ mD	水锁伤害率，%	评价结果
4	28.1	1.439	67.2	0.435	69.8	中
5	15.9	1.417	61.0	0.332	76.6	强
6	10.0	2.743	50.6	0.417	84.8	强
7	30.9	3.936	81.7	0.252	93.6	强
平均	21.2		65.1		81.2	强

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表 3 不同压差下的岩心伤害试验结果

Table 3 Experimental results of core damage under different pressure differences

压差/MPa	岩心数量	伤害率，%	平均伤害率，%
14	6	25.3～28.3	26.8
17	5	23.8～46.0	33.8
19	6	69.8～70.1	70.0
21	4	78.6～91.6	85.4

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表 4 渗透率与含水饱和度关系

Table 4 Relationship between permeability and water saturation

序号	岩心抽真空饱和标准盐水		岩心自吸标准盐水		岩心自吸解水锁剂
序号	含水饱和度，%	渗透率/ mD	含水饱和度，%	渗透率/ mD	含水饱和度，%	渗透率/ mD
1	93.6	0.111	80.2	0.095	70.2	0.104
2	82.8	0.117	74.1	0.101	60.3	0.111
3	80.5	0.130	70.8	0.127	55.1	0.141
4	78.4	0.139	67.6	0.136	51.9	0.199
5	71.6	0.145	62.4	0.143	45.9	0.392
6	62.1	0.199	60.3	0.165	38.8	0.483
7	59.8	0.390	57.9	0.374	33.9	0.581
8	58.2	0.499	57.6	0.509	32.6	0.713
9	38.3	0.729	33.5	0.941	24.4	0.903
10	31.2	1.067	27.6	1.316	14.6	1.215
11	20.6	1.477	21.2	1.537	12.8	1.798

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表 5 润滑剂G316加量对钻井液性能的影响

Table 5 Effect of G316 dosage on drilling fluid performance

G316加量，%	实验条件	表观黏度/ （mPa·s）	塑性黏度/ （mPa·s）	滤失量/ mL	润滑系数
0	老化前	46.0	24	5.6	0.304
0	100 ℃/16 h	43.0	22	5.8	0.304
0.5	老化前	45.0	23	5.4	0.131
0.5	100 ℃/16 h	41.5	21	5.8	0.137
1.0	老化前	44.0	20	5.6	0.097
1.0	100 ℃/16 h	42.0	19	5.4	0.094
1.5	老化前	43.5	22	5.4	0.070
1.5	100 ℃/16 h	45.0	23	5.8	0.063
2.0	老化前	44.0	21	5.6	0.041
2.0	100 ℃/16 h	40.0	18	5.6	0.041
2.5	老化前	42.0	19	5.4	0.030
2.5	100 ℃/16 h	41.0	19	5.6	0.034
3.0	老化前	39.0	17	5.4	0.029
3.0	100 ℃/16 h	38.0	18	5.2	0.027

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表 6 岩心伤害试验结果

Table 6 Results of core damage experiment

岩心编号	长度/ cm	直径/ cm	孔隙度，%	渗透率/mD		伤害率，%	钻井液
岩心编号	长度/ cm	直径/ cm	孔隙度，%	伤害前	伤害后	伤害率，%	钻井液
1	4.88	2.53	6.03	0.764	0.570	39.8	NDW无土相低伤害钻井液
2	4.14	2.54	8.10	0.954	0.575	25.4
3	3.63	2.54	8.20	0.707	0.433	38.9
4	3.43	2.54	9.31	1.120	0.915	18.3	NWP无土相防水锁低伤害钻井液
5	4.53	2.53	8.78	0.856	0.751	12.3
6	4.48	2.53	7.63	0.795	0.703	11.6

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