Key Problems and Technical Countermeasures in SIPC Operated Oilfield Development in Kazakhstan
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摘要:
哈萨克斯坦SIPC油田开发年限较长，储层地质特征存在较大差异，开发过程中存在注水效率低、储层无法自然投产且改造难度大、储层易受到伤害、出砂严重、钻井速度低且成本高、环空带压等问题。为此，在分析问题原因的基础上，基于油田特点和技术现状，制定了应用高效注水技术、携砂采油技术、高效钻井技术等成熟技术，研制智能储层保护剂及研究复杂砂岩可控穿层压裂技术的技术对策。现场应用表明，该油田采用制定的技术对策，提高了注水效率和储层压裂改造效果，解决了地层出砂问题，降低了储层伤害程度和钻井成本，实现了低油价条件下降本增效的目的，支撑了哈萨克斯坦SIPC油田项目的顺利实施。
Abstract:The SIPC operated oilfield in Kazakhstan have experienced a long development period, and the geological characteristics of reservoirs are quite different. As a result, several problems occurred during the development process such as low water injection efficiency, difficulties in reservoir natural flow and stimulation, reservoir damage, severe sanding, high drilling cost and abnormal annulus pressure presence. Based on the analysis of the existing problems and considering the widely varying characteristics of this oilfield and current status of technology, countermeasures were proposed in which mature technologies such as high-efficiency water injection, sand-bearing oil recovery and high-efficiency drilling were adopted, intelligent reservoir protection agents were developed, and controllable cross-layer fracturing technology for complex sandstone was studied. The field application suggests that the proposed technical countermeasure can effectively improve water injection efficiency and fracturing stimulation effect, and solve the problem of sand production. The implementation of the countermeasures reduced reservoir contamination and drilling cost, and enhanced the development of the fields, and achieved target of cost-reduction and efficiency improvement during times of low oil prices. Further, this study may provide technical support for the smooth implementation of SIPC operated oilfield in Kazakhstan.
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图 1 智能储层保护剂作用机理示意
Figure 1. Schematic diagram of intelligent reservoir protection agent working mechanism
表 1 各油田油藏物性、开采方式与生产情况
Table 1 Reservoir physical properties, production methods and production states of each oilfield
油田 埋深/m 孔隙度，% 渗透率/mD 储层压力/
MPa储层温度/℃ 采油方式 平均单井产油量/
（t·d–1）综合含水
率，%SPC油田 300～800 12.3～41.7 0.3～1 986.8 4.0～9.5 23.0～40.1 杆式泵、螺杆泵 3.5 90.5 NB油田 350～500 30.0～32.0 1 900.0～2 000.0 4.0～5.3 29.0～33.0 电动潜油泵 3.9 93.8 KKM油田 2 600～3 160 10.0～15.8 1.0～16.0 22.1～34.2 102.0～115.0 电动潜油泵 9.5 90.1 KOA油田 2 900～3 500 8.3～20.0 1.0～11.0 27.0～38.1 110.0～135.5 部分井自喷，部
分井电动潜油泵21.5 9.5 
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