用于精细控压钻井的无机凝胶隔离塞的研制及现场试验

黎凌; 卫俊佚; 张谦

doi:10.11911/syztjs.2018150

用于精细控压钻井的无机凝胶隔离塞的研制及现场试验

黎凌^{1, 2,},
卫俊佚³,
张谦⁴

1.
油气田应用化学四川省重点实验室，四川广汉 618300
2.
中国石油集团川庆钻探工程有限公司钻采工程技术研究院，四川广汉 618300
3.
中国石油西南威远东页岩气作业分公司，四川成都 610000
4.
中国石油集团川庆钻探工程有限公司钻井液技术服务公司，四川成都 610000

基金项目:

中国石油集团川庆钻探工程有限公司科研项目“钻井用凝胶隔段技术研究与应用” CQ2016B-12-1-3

详细信息

作者简介:
黎凌(1987—)，男，四川仁寿人，2010年毕业于中国石油大学(华东)石油工程专业，2013年获中国石油大学(北京)油气井工程专业硕士学位，工程师，主要从事钻井液技术方面的研究工作。E-mail：lilingscrs@163.com

中图分类号: TE23
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出版历程
- 收稿日期: 2018-05-25
- 修回日期: 2018-09-27
- 网络出版日期: 2022-09-08
- 刊出日期: 2018-12-31

Development and Field Testing of a Gel Isolation Plug for Precise Managed Pressure Drilling

LI Ling^{1, 2,},
WEI Junyi³,
ZHANG Qian⁴

1.
Key Laboratory of Applied Chemistry for Oil and Gas Fields, Guanghan, Sichuan, 618300, China
2.
Research Institute of Drilling and Production Technology, CNPC Chuanqing Drilling Engineering Co.Ltd., Guanghan, Sichuan, 618300, China
3.
CNPC Southwest Weiyuan East Shale Gas Operation Company, Chengdu, Sichuan, 610000, China
4.
Drilling Fluid Technology Service Company, CNPC Chuanqing Drilling Engineering Co.Ltd., Chengdu, Sichuan, 610000, China

摘要

摘要:
针对精细控压钻井起下钻及完井过程中钻井液漏失严重的问题，基于无机水硬性胶凝理论、密实充填理论和固化增强理论，通过优选关键处理剂形成了一种用于精细控压钻井的无机凝胶隔离塞工作液。性能评价表明，该无机凝胶隔离塞工作液初始流动性和稳定性好，抗钻井液污染能力强，稠化时间可以控制在0.5~4.0 h，适用温度60~150 ℃；固化成段塞后抗压强度达8.02 MPa，胶结强度达1.39 MPa/m²，承压封气能力大于2.69 MPa/m，可钻性级值为1级。现场试验表明，该无机凝胶隔离塞工作液固化成塞后，可以有效封隔油气，保障精细控压钻井起下钻的安全。研究表明，无机凝胶隔离塞工作液固化成塞后抗气窜能力强，能有效封隔油气，解决了精细控压钻井起下钻过程中缺乏安全封隔的问题。
- 控压钻井 /
- 井控 /
- 无机凝胶 /
- 隔离塞 /
- 防气窜 /
- 起下钻 /
- 抗压强度 /
- 胶结强度
Abstract:
The application of precise managed pressure drilling technology in the Moxi-Gaoshiti and Xiachuandong areas of the Sichuan Province effectively solved such challenges as leakage and coexistence of blowout and lost circulation caused by narrow safety density window of drilling fluid.However, due to the absence of effective and safe packoffs in tripping operations and well completion, the lost circulation is serious and the well control risk is extremely high.Therefore, based on the inorganic hydraulic gel theory, dense filling theory and solidification strengthening theory, a working fluid gel plug for precise managed pressure drilling was developed by using key treatment agents.The performance evaluation results suggested that the initial flow performance and stability of the working fluid gel plug were good, the anti-drilling fluid contamination ability was strong.Further, the thickening time could be controlled within 0.5-4.0 h, and the applicable temperature was 60-150 ℃.After solidification of the gel plug, the compressive strength of gel plug achieved to 8.02 MPa, the bonding strength reached 1.39 MPa/m², the pressure bearing capacity greater than 2.69 MPa/m, and the drillability value was 1.Field application results showed that with the working fluid solidified into a plug, the gel plug could effectively seal off oil and gas, and in that way ensure safe tripping during precise managed pressure drilling.
- managed pressure drilling /
- well control /
- inorganic gel /
- isolation plug /
- anti-gas migration /
- tripping operation /
- compressive strength /
- gelation strength

HTML全文

图 1 固化增强剂加量对无机凝胶隔离塞浆液固化后抗压强度的影响

Figure 1. Effect of curing reinforcing agent dosage on solidifying compressive strength of inorganic gel slurry

下载: 全尺寸图片幻灯片

图 2 无机凝胶隔离塞工作液的稳定性评价结果

Figure 2. Stability evaluation results of the working fluid gel plug

下载: 全尺寸图片幻灯片

图 3 无机凝胶隔离塞在不同温度下养护后的承压封气能力

Figure 3. Pressure-bearing and sealing capacity of gel plug after curing at different temperatures

下载: 全尺寸图片幻灯片

表 1 不同无机胶凝剂加量下的凝胶隔离塞性能

Table 1 Performance of gel plugs with different dosages of gelling agent

胶凝剂加量，%	流动度/cm	抗压强度/MPa^①
胶凝剂加量，%	流动度/cm	5 h	10 h
60	23	0	0
80	23	0.34	0.86
100	22	0.76	1.21
120	21	0.92	1.32
注：①养护温度为100 ℃。

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表 2 悬浮稳定剂加量对无机凝胶隔离塞浆液流变性及析水量的影响

Table 2 Effect of a suspending agent on the rheology and fluid loss of gel slurry

XCD加量，%	表观黏度/ (mPa·s)	塑性黏度/ (mPa·s)	动切力/ Pa	12 h析水量/mL
	14.5	14.5	0	94.0
0.2	20.5	20.0	0.5	26.0
0.3	24.5	24.0	0.5	15.0
0.4	28.5	27.0	1.5	5.0
0.5	31.0	26.5	4.5	＜2.0
0.7	38.0	31.0	7.0	＜2.0

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表 3 激活剂A和B对无机凝胶隔离塞浆液的性能影响

Table 3 Effect of activators A and B on the performance of gel slurry

激活剂加量，%	初凝时间/h		终凝时间/h		5 h抗压强度/MPa
激活剂加量，%	激活剂A	激活剂B	激活剂A	激活剂B	激活剂A	激活剂B
1.0	3.0		5.0		0.34
1.5	2.0	3.0	4.5	6.5	0.68	0.28
2.0	1.5	2.5	4.0	5.0	1.04	0.83
2.5	1.0	2.0	3.5	4.5	1.32	0.98
3.0	0.5	1.5	2.0	4.0	1.48	1.13
4.0	0.3	1.0	1.0	3.0	1.64	1.28

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表 4 激活剂A和B复配后对无机凝胶隔离塞浆液性能的影响

Table 4 Effect of the compounded activators A and B on the performance of gel slurry

激活剂及加量	初凝时间/h	终凝时间/h	抗压强度/MPa	备注
1.0%A+3.0%B	2.5	5.0	0.60	固化(结构松散)
2.0%A+2.0%B	2.0	4.0	1.62	固化
3.0%A+1.0%B	1.5	3.5	1.24	固化(有裂纹)

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表 5 不同缓凝剂对无机凝胶隔离塞浆液成胶时间的影响

Table 5 Effect of different retarders on the gelation time of gel slurry

缓凝剂	加量，%	初凝时间/h	终凝时间/h	最终状态
		1.0	2.0	凝固
A	1	1.0	2.0	凝固
B	1	0.5	1.5	凝固
C	1	2.0	4.0	凝固

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表 6 缓凝剂C的加量对无机凝胶隔离塞浆液成胶时间的影响

Table 6 Effect of retardant C dosage on gelling time of gel slurry

缓凝剂C 加量，%	稠化时间/ h	初凝时间/ h	终凝时间/ h	最终状态
0	0.5	1.0	2.0	凝固
0.5	1.5	2.0	3.0	凝固
1.0	2.0	2.5	4.0	凝固
1.5	2.5	2.5	4.5	凝固
2.0	3.0	3.5	5.0	凝固
3.0	4.0	4.5	7.0	凝固

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表 7 无机凝胶隔离塞工作液的流动性能

Table 7 Rheological properties of inorganic gel plug working fluid

密度/ (kg·L^-1)	测试条件	流动度/ cm	塑性黏度/ (mPa·s)	动切力/ Pa	静切力/ Pa
1.41	常温	25	28.5	5.0	2.5/5.0
	120 ℃×2 h	22	58.0	9.5	4.0/7.0
	120 ℃×5 h	已固化
1.82	常温	23	44.0	13.5	5.0/8.0
	120 ℃×2 h	20	67.0	19.5	7.0/11.5
	120 ℃×5 h	已固化
2.13	常温	21	75.0	15.0	7.5/13.0
	120 ℃×2 h	19	93.0	22.5	10.0/15
	120 ℃×5 h	已固化

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表 8 无机凝胶隔离塞工作液与聚磺钻井液混合后的性能

Table 8 Performance of the working fluid gel plug mixed with polysulfonate drilling fluid

配方	密度/ (kg·L^-1)	表观黏度/ (mPa·s)	塑性黏度/ (mPa·s)	动切力/Pa	静切力/Pa	稠化时间/h	10 h抗压强度/MPa
A	1.94	37.5	25.0	12.5	6.0/12.0
B	2.03	90.0	75.0	15.0	7.5/13.0	2.0	8.50
B+10%A	2.02	86.5	72.0	14.5	7.0/13.0	4.0	5.00
B+30%A	1.99	73.5	60.0	13.5	7.5/12.0	5.5	1.50
B+50%A	1.98	60.5	47.5	13.0	6.5/11.5	7.5	0.45
B+70%A	1.97	51.0	38.5	12.5	6.5/12.5	—	—
B+90%A	1.95	40.5	28.0	12.5	6.0/12.0	—	—
注：A为密度1.94 kg/L的聚磺钻井液；B为密度2.03 kg/L的无机凝胶隔离塞工作液。

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表 9 不同养护温度下隔离塞工作液固化后的抗压强度

Table 9 Compressive strengths at different curing temperatures

温度/℃	抗压强度/MPa
温度/℃	2 h	4 h	5 h	10 h
80	—	2.52	3.25	5.86
100	—	3.51	4.04	6.91
120	—	4.13	5.23	8.02
150	—	2.21	5.11	7.54

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表 10 不同养护温度下隔离塞工作液固化后的胶结强度

Table 10 Bonding strength at different curing temperatures

温度/℃	胶结强度/(MPa·m^-2)
温度/℃	2 h	4 h	5 h	10 h
80	—	0.45	0.51	0.61
100	—	1.07	1.19	1.21
120	—	1.25	1.39	1.45
150	—	1.20	1.31	1.35

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