The Optimized Drilling Techniques Used in Ultra-Deep and Slim-Hole Horizontal Wells of the Shunbei Block
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摘要: 顺北区块超深小井眼水平井钻井过程中，钻遇易漏易塌的层位多、摩阻扭矩大、φ120.6 mm井眼轨迹控制困难，导致机械钻速低、钻井周期长，为此进行了优快钻井技术研究。通过分析钻井、测井、测试等资料，建立了地层三压力剖面，并据此确定必封点，将六级井身结构优化为四级井身结构；针对易漏易塌地层的特点，通过室内试验，制定了防漏防塌技术措施；通过分析大角度螺杆的造斜率和采用双增式轨道，降低了小井眼段轨迹控制难度；通过降低定向井段长度、钻具和井壁的接触面积和采用混油钻井液，降低了摩阻扭矩；试验应用“扭力冲击器+PDC钻头”钻井工艺，提高了机械钻速。通过研究和试验形成了顺北区块超深小井眼水平井优快钻井技术，并在5口井进行了现场应用，与采用六级井身结构的X1井相比，机械钻速提高了29.36%，钻井周期缩短了93 d。研究与应用表明，超深小井眼水平井优快钻井技术能满足顺北区块超深小井眼水平井安全高效的钻井需求，为该区块碳酸盐岩海相油气藏的高效开发提供了工程技术保障。Abstract: The drilling of ultra-deep slim hole horizontal wells in the Shunbei Block encountered multiple challenges such as formations susceptible to lost circulation, significant friction torque, trajectory control difficulties for borehole with diameter of φ120.6 mm, low ROPs and long drilling time. Accordingly, research has been conducted to develop fast and high-quality drilling techniques. Through comprehensive analyses of drilling, logging, testing and other data, pore pressure, borehole collapse and fracturing pressure gradient profiles were determined. Accordingly, sealing points were identified and the six stage casing program was optimized to four stages. With consideration to specific features of formations susceptible to circulation lost and borehole collapsing, experimental study was performed to clarify technical solutions for those potential problems. Through analyzing build-up capacity of PDM and the deployment of dual-incremental trajectory, difficulties in slimhole trajectory control would be effectively minimized. By reducing the length of directional drilling intervals, minimizing the contact areas between drilling tools and sidewalls and by the utilization of oil-mixed drilling fluid, friction torques would be reduced dramatically. In the investigation, drilling techniques of "torsion impact device+PDC bit" were applied to enhance ROP. Through experimental tests and field testing, fast and high-quality drilling techniques for ultra-deep slim-hole wells in the Shunbei Block were determined. These techniques have been used in five wells in this region. It compared the Well X1 with six-stage casing program, ROP and drilling time for wells drilled with innovative techniques increased 29.36% and reduced for 93 days. Research results and on-site application performance showed that the newly-developed rapid and high-quality drilling techniques for the ultra-deep slim hole can satisfy the safe and high-efficiency drilling of slim hole horizontal wells in Shunbei Block. Generally speaking, the application of these techniques may provide necessary technical support for high-efficiency development of marine carbonate reservoirs in this block.
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Keywords:
- slim hole /
- horizontal well /
- casing program /
- borehole trajectory /
- stable borehole /
- Shunbei Block
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